NDLI: The combined effect of surface rain and wind on scatterometer observations of surface roughness

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Weissman, D.E. Bourassa, M.A.
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-2840 (Weissman, D.E.)
Abstract	The wind stress on the sea surface is closely related to the sea surface roughness. When rain impacts affect this roughness, we need to learn the consequences for the air-sea momentum exchange. Our data shows that areas of highest winds correlate closely with the heaviest rainfall. Changes in the sea surface radar cross section from the combined effects of wind and rain, on scales of tens of kilometers, are being studied using the QuikSCAT scatterometer and simultaneous NEXRAD three-dimensional measurements of rain within Hurricane Ike. Buoys, NOAA HRD H∗Winds and related data provide the additional wind information. From the remote sensing perspective, these results will show the dependence of the sea surface radar cross section, at Ku-band, as a function of the rainrate, wind speed and relative direction, and polarization. At this microwave frequency the surface backscatter is controlled by the centimeter-scale roughness, but at these high wind speeds the simple models based on Bragg scattering are not useful. In order to study the air-sea interaction that is related to surface fluxes (e.g., momentum, sensible heat, and latent heat) during rain events, extended experimental investigations are needed. Heavy rain in the boundary layer changes the profiles of wind and stratification which alter the surface stress and turbulent heat fluxes. The wind driven rain also creates roughness properties that need to be modeled in order to interpret the Ku-band NRCS at the two polarizations, When high winds also exist (>20 m/s), the interaction is complicated by sea spray.
File Size	285100
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424433940
DOI	10.1109/IGARSS.2009.5416932
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-07-12
Publisher Place	South Africa
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Rough surfaces Surface roughness Rain Radar measurements Sea surface Stress Radar cross section Wind speed Polarization Sea surface roughness
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in