NDLI: A robust image watermarking algorithm based on non-uniform rectangular partition and encryption scrambling

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Kin Tak U. Dongxu Qi Zesheng Tang
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: Faculty of Information Technology, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China (Kin Tak U; Dongxu Qi; Zesheng Tang)
Abstract	The watermark is more likely to prevent itself from JPEG-compression attack when it is embedded into the DC values of 8×8 DCT blocks. However, embedding the watermark with the same intensity into the DC values of DCT blocks may distort the watermarked image to a large extent. To solve this problem, a novel robust image-watermark algorithm is proposed with the characteristics of selective embedding intensity based on the non-uniform partition. Firstly, following the rectangular partition algorithm, the image has automatically been partitioned into different rectangles which reflect the grey-distribution characteristics in different dimensions. Secondly, the suitable embedded intensities have been chosen, according the number of rectangles within each 8×8 block. Meanwhile, in order to increase the anti-cropping function and the security of the algorithm, MUST∗ Encryption Algorithm is applied to encrypt the pixel-locations of the watermark before the watermark is embedded. The results of the experiments have showed that this algorithm is robust against noising attack, cropping attack, especially the JPEG-compression attack and no obvious distortion appeared in the watermarked image.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	5
File Size	1113866
Page Count	5
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424446568
DOI	10.1109/ICICS.2009.5397485
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-12-08
Publisher Place	China
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Robustness Watermarking Partitioning algorithms Cryptography Discrete cosine transforms Security Internet Information technology Transform coding Image coding image watermarking non-uniform partition of image rectangular partition block-encryption algorithm
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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