NDLI: A wideband radar for mapping internal layers in the polar icesheets for estimating accumulation rate

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Kanagaratnam, P. Gogineni, S. Plummer, T. Parthasarathy, B.
Copyright Year	2002
Description	Author affiliation: Radar Syst. & Remote Sensing Lab., Kansas Univ., Lawrence, KS, USA (Kanagaratnam, P.; Gogineni, S.; Plummer, T.; Parthasarathy, B.)
Abstract	Determination of the mass balance of the polar ice sheets requires information on the accumulation rate. Remote sensing methods to determine the accumulation rate are essential in reducing the uncertainty associated with interpolating in situ measurements that are obtained from ice cores and pits. This is essential to reducing the 20% of uncertainty in current accumulation rate maps. Using data from surface-based radar experiments we determined optimum parameters for an airborne radar. We developed an airborne prototype and successfully demonstrated that we can map internal layers with about 1 m resolution to a depth of about 120 m over the Greenland ice sheet. We reported the system design, construction and preliminary experimental results at the 2001 IGARSS meeting. We have developed an operational radar system for routine measurement. This system operates in FM-CW and stepped-frequency pulse modes and it has 20-dB more sensitivity than the prototype radar. We also developed a radar target simulator for testing and evaluating system performance. The target simulator was constructed using fiber optic cables, microwave delay lines and RF/optical transceivers to simulate reflections from the air/snow interface, internal layers and the antenna reflection, which degrades the system's sensitivity. The simulator serves a dual purpose of optimizing the system performance in the laboratory and for internal calibration in the field. We also used a CAD package to design and simulate overall radar performance. The use of CAD package and target simulator reduced cost and time associated with the radar development. In addition, we are also able to obtain an accurate system model to deconvolve the system effects from the received signal. We discuss detailed design, construction and performance of the target simulator and operational radar. We show a comparison of the simulation results and laboratory measurements of the radar system. Also we present analysis of the results from measurements made during the 2001 experiments and preliminary results from planned measurements in May 2002.
Sponsorship	IEEE IEEE Geosci. & Remote Sensing Soc. Canadian Remote Sensing Soc. Univ. Waterloo Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) Canadian Space Agency (CSA) Environ. Canada NASA Nat. Oceanic & Atmos. Adm. (NOAA) Office of Naval Res.(ONR) Nat. Space Dev. Agency of Japan (NASDA) Nat. Polar-orbiting Environ. Satellite Syst. (NPOESS)
Starting Page	1051
Ending Page	1053
File Size	449480
Page Count	3
File Format	PDF
ISBN	078037536X
DOI	10.1109/IGARSS.2002.1025772
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2002-06-24
Publisher Place	Canada
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Ice Radar antennas Radar remote sensing Airborne radar Prototypes Radar measurements System performance Optical reflection Laboratories Design automation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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