NDLI: Experience with refractory metal walls and extrapolation to ITER and DEMO

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Neu, R.
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany (Neu, R.)
Abstract	The use of refractory metal PFCs requires intensive research in all areas, i.e. in plasma wall-interaction, in the physics of the confined plasma, diagnostic, and in material development. Only a few present day divertor tokamaks - mainly Alcator C-Mod and ASDEX Upgrade - gained experience with the refractory metals molybdenum and tungsten, respectively. ASDEX Upgrade was stepwise converted from graphite to tungsten PFCs. In line with this transition a reduction of the deuterium retention by almost a factor of ten has been observed due to the strong suppression of D co-deposition with carbon. The deuterium retained in W is in line with laboratory results in contrast to Alcator C-Mod, where the D retention in Mo is more than a factor of ten larger than in corresponding laboratory experiments. As expected from the sputtering threshold of Mo and W, negligible erosion by the thermal divertor background plasma is found in these experiments under low temperature divertor conditions. However, erosion by fast particles and intrinsic impurities, which additionally might be accelerated in rectified electrical fields observed during ion cyclotron frequency heating, plays an important role. The Mo and W concentrations in the plasma centre are strongly affected by plasma transport and variations up to a factor of 50 are observed for similar influxes. However, it could be demonstrated that sawteeth and turbulent transport driven by central heating can suppress central accumulation. The inward transport of high-Z ions at the edge can be efficiently reduced by ‘flushing’ the pedestal region caused by frequent edge instabilities (ELMs). Extrapolations to ITER and DEMO are difficult since the physics of plasma transport is not yet completely understood, the particle and energy fluxes are orders of magnitude higher and the technical boundary conditions in DEMO strongly differ from those of present day devices.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	6
File Size	290440
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424426355
DOI	10.1109/FUSION.2009.5226528
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-06-01
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Extrapolation Plasma temperature Plasma confinement Plasma accelerators Plasma transport processes Plasma diagnostics Plasma materials processing Physics Variable speed drives Tungsten
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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