NDLI: Application, Design and Project Implementation of a Plasma Mass Separator for Enhanced High Level Waste Processing

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ahlfeld, C.E. Wagoner, J.D. Sevier, D.L. Freeman, R.L.
Copyright Year	2005
Description	Author affiliation: Archimedes Nucl. Waste LLC, San Diego, CA (Ahlfeld, C.E.; Wagoner, J.D.; Sevier, D.L.; Freeman, R.L.)
Abstract	The Archimedes Technology Group has developed a partially ionized, low-temperature plasma mass separator that is ideally suited for enhancing high-level waste (HLW) processing prior to incorporation into borosilicate glass for immobilization. The plasma mass separator, referred to as the Archimedes Filter, passes light mass ions to biased electrodes at either end of the plasma chamber, but ejects heavy mass ions to the center of the chamber. A "mass cutoff" is established by adjusting the solenoidal magnetic field surrounding the plasma and biasing the concentric ring electrodes at both ends of the plasma. Material is introduced into the plasma as a vapor and ionized by RF helicon wave heating. Under steady state operation the Archimedes Filter is capable of processing 1.1 metric tons of feed material per day. A full-scale Archimedes Filter was designed and constructed in 2002 and achieved first plasma in February 2003 at the Archimedes Development Center in San Diego. This Demonstration Filter (DEMO) has been used to demonstrate heavy and light metal mass separation in a variety of plasma conditions to support a proposed implementation plan for Hanford HLW processing. The Archimedes Filter is ideally suited for Hanford HLW because 99.9% of the radioactivity is in less than 10% of the mass that is above atomic mass $89(^{90}Sr).$ Thus, 90% of the HLW is non-radioactive and is an unnecessary load on the very expensive vitrification process for immobilization prior to disposal in Yucca Mountain. Theoretical predictions for heavy mass elements indicated decontamination factors (DF) of >1000 would be possible and DEMO tests have confirmed DF>100, limited only by the diagnostic detection lower limits for heavy mass elements. A Hanford implementation plan was developed in parallel with DEMO by forming an international team of industry and national laboratory participants, including Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The team completed a conceptual design of a two-filter unit Archimedes Filter Plant (AFP) by the end of 2003. This conceptual design enabled a detailed cost estimate and a preliminary Process Hazards Analysis to establish the feasibility and safety of the plant. The AFP is highly flexible in how it could be interfaced to the Hanford Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) currently under construction. A site plan was also developed to establish infrastructure needs and to ensure no significant interferences with WTP
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	4
File Size	5323776
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0424401596
DOI	10.1109/FUSION.2005.252859
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2005-09-26
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Plasma applications Plasma materials processing Particle separators Filters Plasma waves Magnetic separation Electrodes Magnetic materials Laboratories Page description languages Archimedes Filter Plant plasma mass separator high level waste Archimedes Filter
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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