NDLI: Effects of GSM antennas in urban cities

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Harmouch, A. Haddad, H. Chahda, G.
Copyright Year	2013
Description	Author affiliation: Doctoral Sch., Lebanese Univ., Tripoli, Lebanon (Harmouch, A.; Haddad, H.) \|\| Notre Dame Univ. - Louaize, Beirut, Lebanon (Chahda, G.)
Abstract	The emerging risks of electromagnetic fields have lead researchers to study thoroughly their biological effects on human beings. One of the main systems that concern the public is GSM systems and specifically in urban areas. Typically, GSM antennas in micro cells are placed throughout these areas to cover different sites in each city. Since, nowadays, the demands on such systems are increasing greatly; the risks are also growing accordingly. In this paper, three urban areas were chosen in Tripoli-Lebanon in which the power density is measured in the surroundings of GSM towers. Indoor and outdoor places were taken into consideration. Results are demonstrated in the form of comparative tables. These tables used Salzburg's precautionary model as a reference to compare with the measurements obtained. Finally, many assessments and estimations were selected in order to delimit danger zones in each of the specified areas. Various solutions for the reduction of the electromagnetic impact have been suggested in this paper.
Starting Page	223
Ending Page	226
File Size	468875
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781479902491
e-ISBN	9781479902514
DOI	10.1109/ICABME.2013.6648888
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2013-09-11
Publisher Place	Lebanon
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	GSM Antenna measurements Power system measurements Micro Cells Density measurement Salzburg's model Buildings Danger Zones Cities and towns Power Density Antennas
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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