NDLI: Developing immunity testing to cover intermodulation

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Grommes, W. Armstrong, K.
Copyright Year	2011
Description	Author affiliation: Cherry Clough Consultants Ltd., Stafford, UK (Armstrong, K.)
Abstract	Existing immunity test methods can be developed to cost-effectively provide greater “coverage” of real-world electromagnetic environments, and such techniques are now needed to aid effective risk management of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) because of the increasing automation of society and industry. The reliability of electronic technologies (including their software and firmware) becomes critical when the consequences of errors, malfunctions or other types of failure include significant financial loss, mission loss, loss of security, or harm to people, domestic animals or property (known as "functional safety"). Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can be a cause of unreliability in all electronic technologies, so EMC must be taken into account when the risks caused by malfunctioning electronics need to be controlled. Unfortunately, it is not practicable to achieve the levels of confidence required for critical systems, over their entire lifetime, by EMC testing alone - no matter by how much the test level is increased above the maximum levels obtaining in the environment. A variety of additional verification and validation techniques are required. The subject of this paper is developing existing radiated and conducted radio-frequency immunity test methods to cover real-life possibilities for intermodulation, that at the time of writing are ignored by almost all standardized test methods.
Sponsorship	IEEE Electromagn. Compatibility Soc.
Starting Page	999
Ending Page	1004
File Size	1735739
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781457708121
ISSN	21581118
e-ISBN	9781457708114
DOI	10.1109/ISEMC.2011.6038454
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2011-08-14
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Radio frequency Immunity testing Frequency modulation Safety Electromagnetic interference IEC standards safety risks Cost-effectiveness EMC EMI functional safety high-reliability mission-critical reliability risk analysis safety-critical security
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Including EMC in risk assessments

Why increasing immunity test levels is not sufficient for high-reliability and critical equipment

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Why EMC immunity testing is inadequate for functional safety

Validation, verification and immunity testing techniques for EMC for functional safety

Comparison of civilian EMC immunity standards with automative EMC immunity standards

Design and mitigation techniques for EMC for functional safety

Cost-effective Risk Management of EMC without special EMC design expertise or testing

Developing immunity testing to cover intermodulation

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