NDLI: Cost-Effective Low-Delay Cloud Video Conferencing

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Hajiesmaili, M.H. Lok To Mak Zhi Wang Chuan Wu Minghua Chen Khonsari, A.
Copyright Year	2015
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Inf. Eng., Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Lok To Mak; Minghua Chen) \|\| Sch. of ECE, Univ. of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Hajiesmaili, M.H.; Khonsari, A.) \|\| Grad. Sch. of Shenzhen, Tsinghua Univ., Shenzhen, China (Zhi Wang) \|\| Dept. of Comput. Sci., Univ. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Chuan Wu)
Abstract	The cloud computing paradigm has been advocated in recent video conferencing system design, which exploits the rich on-demand resources spanning multiple geographic regions of a distributed cloud, for better conferencing experience. A typical architectural design in cloud environment is to create video conferencing agents, i.e., Virtual machines, in each cloud site, assign users to the agents, and enable inter-user communication through the agents. Given the diversity of devices and network connectivities of the users, the agents may also transcode the conferencing streams to the best formats and bitrates. In this architecture, two key issues exist on how to effectively assign users to agents and how to identify the best agent to perform a Transco ding task, which are nontrivial due to the following: (1) the existing proximity-based assignment may not be optimal in terms of inter-user delay, which fails to consider the whereabouts of the other users in a conferencing session, (2) the agents may have heterogeneous bandwidth and processing availability, such that the best Transco ding agents should be carefully identified, for cost minimization while best serving all the users requiring the transcoded streams. To address these challenges, we formulate the user-to-agent assignment and Transco ding-agent selection problems, which targets at minimizing the operational cost of the conferencing provider while keeping the conferencing delay low. The optimization problem is combinatorial in nature and difficult to solve. Using Markov approximation framework, we design a decentralized algorithm that provably converges to a bounded neighborhood of the optimal solution. An agent ranking scheme is also proposed to properly initialize our algorithm so as to improve its convergence. The results from a prototype system implementation show that our design in a set of Internet-scale scenarios reduces the operational cost by 77% as compared to a commonly-adopted alternative, while simultaneously yielding lower conferencing delays.
Starting Page	103
Ending Page	112
File Size	467056
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781467372145
ISSN	10636927
DOI	10.1109/ICDCS.2015.19
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2015-06-29
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Transcoding Delays Markov processes Approximation methods Bandwidth Approximation algorithms Heuristic algorithms Parallel Algorithm Video Conferencing Cloud Computing Combinatorial Network Problem
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Networks and Communications Hardware and Architecture Software

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