NDLI: FDTD analysis of human head-mobile phone interaction in terms of specific absorption rate calculations and antenna design

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Akleman, F. Sevgi, L.
Copyright Year	1998
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Electron. & Commun. Eng., Istanbul Tech. Univ., Turkey (Akleman, F.)
Abstract	In this study, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to model mutual effects of a mobile phone and a human head in terms of both biological effects and antenna design. A discrete human head model and a hand-held receiver with various antennas mounted on top of it, are located within a three dimensional (3D) FDTD algorithm is built in Cartesian coordinates. Near fields are simulated directly in the time domain for both sinusoidal and pulse type antenna excitations. The antenna power, input impedance, absorbed power and the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution inside the head near the hand-held receiver are calculated for various antenna types and human head/hand-held receiver locations. The simulations are carried out for both European GSM and DECT systems (at 900 and 1800 MHz, respectively). The SAR distributions for various vertical and horizontal slices of the head are calculated and are shown to agree with the available calculation and measurement results. Besides, the effects of the human head on the antenna radiation pattern are calculated where far field simulations are obtained via a time-domain near-to-far-field (NTFF) transformation based on Huygen's principle. Various hand-held receiver antennas, including a quarter-wavelength wire, IFA, PIFA, symmetrical and asymmetrical square or rectangular printed loops, are investigated in terms of their radiation pattern, gain and efficiency. Different antenna mountings are used and their effects to both antenna performance and SAR distribution in the head are shown.
Starting Page	85
Ending Page	88
File Size	377400
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780349555
DOI	10.1109/APWC.1998.730661
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1998-11-01
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Finite difference methods Time domain analysis Humans Receiving antennas Biological system modeling Antenna radiation patterns Mobile handsets Mobile antennas Impedance Specific absorption rate
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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