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| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Horton, J. Linero, A. Miller, F.M. |
| Copyright Year | 2006 |
| Description | Author affiliation: Suwannee American Cement, Branford, FL (Horton, J.) |
| Abstract | As air pollution environmental requirements for Portland cement manufacturing facilities become ever more demanding, and opportunities for controlling emissions of oxides of nitrogen are restricted by other emission limitations (e.g., for carbon monoxide and sulfur oxides), the cement manufacturer is faced with the need to control $NO_{x},$ while continuing to control the other pollutants. There are a number of methods that may be adopted by plants to achieve these mutually competing goals. One of these is implementation of $low-NO_{x}$ calciners, which cause a portion of the calciner fuel to be burned under sub-stoichiometric (low oxygen) conditions - this method causes combustion under conditions which will suppress generation of fuel NO $_{x}$ from the calciner, and may also cause decomposition of some of the $NO_{x}$ (thermal and fuel) produced in the rotary kiln. Another method is selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of NOx using ammonia or urea. This latter method, when injected in the proper range of temperature, excess oxygen, and possibly carbon monoxide, has the advantage of compatibility with oxidizing conditions in the calciner, which will often minimize or avoid buildup difficulties associated with movement of sulfur as $SO_{2}$ within the preheater. The most efficacious combination of one or both of these methods may be one of the best approaches available to control NOx emissions for new and existing kiln systems, while simultaneously avoiding excessive emissions of CO or $SO_{2}$ and reducing the process problems associated with sulfur cycles |
| File Size | 2766780 |
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 1424403723 |
| DOI | 10.1109/CITCON.2006.1635728 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher Date | 2006-04-09 |
| Publisher Place | USA |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subject Keyword | Nitrogen Fuels Air pollution Carbon dioxide Kilns Production facilities Environmentally friendly manufacturing techniques Combustion Thermal decomposition Temperature distribution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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