NDLI: Experimental Validation of Channel State Prediction Considering Delays in Practical Cognitive Radio

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Zhe Chen Nan Guo Zhen Hu Qiu, R.C.
Copyright Year	1967
Abstract	As part of the effort toward building a cognitive radio (CR) network testbed, we have demonstrated real-time spectrum sensing. Spectrum sensing is the cornerstone of CR. However, current hardware platforms for CR introduce time delays that undermine the accuracy of spectrum sensing. The time delay named response delay incurred by hardware and software can be measured at two antennas colocated at a secondary user (SU), the receiving antenna, and the transmitting antenna. In this paper, minimum response delays are experimentally quantified and reported based on two hardware platforms, i.e., the universal software radio peripheral 2 (USRP2) and the small-form-factor software-defined-radio development platform (SFF SDR DP). The response delay has a negative impact on the accuracy of spectrum sensing. A modified hidden Markov model (HMM)-based single-secondary-user (single-SU) prediction is proposed and examined. When multiple SUs exist and their channel qualities are diverse, cooperative prediction can benefit the SUs as a whole. A prediction scheme with two stages is proposed, where the first stage includes individual predictions conducted by all the involved SUs, and the second stage further performs cooperative prediction using individual single-SU prediction results obtained at the first stage. In addition, a soft-combining decision rule for cooperative prediction is proposed. To have convincing performance evaluation results, real-world Wi-Fi signals are used to test the proposed approaches, where the Wi-Fi signals are simultaneously recorded at four different locations. Experimental results show that the proposed single-SU prediction outperforms the 1-nearest neighbor (1-NN) prediction, which uses current detected state as an estimate of future states. Moreover, even with just a few SUs, cooperative prediction leads to overall performance improvement.
Sponsorship	IEEE Vehicular Technology Society
Starting Page	1314
Ending Page	1325
Page Count	12
File Size	1534522
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189545
Volume Number	60
Issue Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2011-05-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Delay Antenna measurements Sensors IEEE 802.11 Standards Delay effects Cognitive radio Hardware response delay Channel state prediction cognitive radio (CR) cooperative prediction measurement
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Applied Mathematics Automotive Engineering Computer Networks and Communications Electrical and Electronic Engineering Aerospace Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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