NDLI: Experimental and theoretical evaluation of microbubble behavior: effect of transmitted phase and bubble size

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Morgan, K.E. Allen, J.S. Dayton, P.A. Chomas, J.E. Klibaov, A.L. Ferrara, K.W.
Copyright Year	1986
Abstract	Ultrasound contrast agents provide new opportunities to image vascular volume and flow rate directly. To accomplish this goal, new pulse sequences can be developed to detect specifically the presence of a microbubble or group of microbubbles. We consider a new scheme to detect the presence of contrast agents in the body by examining the effect of transmitted phase on the received echoes from single bubbles. In this study, three tools are uniquely combined to aid in the understanding of the effects of transmission parameters and bubble radius on the received echo. These tools allow for optical measurement of radial oscillations of single bubbles during insonation, acoustical study of echoes from single contrast agent bubbles, and the comparison of these experimental observations with theoretical predictions. A modified Herring equation with shell terms is solved for the time-dependent bubble radius and wall velocity, and these outputs are used to formulate the predicted echo from a single encapsulated bubble. The model is validated by direct comparison of the predicted radial oscillations with those measured optically. The transient bubble response is evaluated with a transducer excitation consisting of one-cycle pulses with a center frequency of 2.4-MHz. The experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement and predict that the transmission of two pulses with opposite polarity will yield similar time domain echoes with the first significant portion of the echo generated when the rarefactional half-cycle reaches the bubble.
Page Count	16
File Size	2647675
Starting Page	1494
Ending Page	1509
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08853010
Volume Number	47
Issue Number	6
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2000-11-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Ultrasonic imaging Phase detection Acoustic measurements Equations Predictive models Transducers Optical pulses Frequency Optical pulse generation Pulse generation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Acoustics and Ultrasonics Instrumentation Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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