NDLI: Functional electrical stimulation of the latissimus dorsi muscle for use in cardiac assist

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Malek, A.M. Mark, R.G.
Copyright Year	1964
Abstract	Direct and nondirect nerve stimulation modes of the thoraco-dorsal nerve leading to the latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) were evaluated by using nerve cuff electrodes (NCEs) and intramuscular electrodes (IMEs), respectively. Following electrode implantation, the LDM was chronically stimulated for two months to induce muscle transformation to oxidative, fatigue-resistant type I muscle fibers. Threshold and impedance values were measured regularly to establish the stability of the implants. The LDM was then dissected, shaped into a ventricle, subjected to a hydraulic load and stimulated using a controlled-voltage pulse-train stimulator with adjustable parameters. Electrical input and hydraulic output variables were measured to obtain the recruitment characteristics and to compare the efficiencies of the two types of electrodes. Results indicate a tradeoff between the NCE's lower threshold, higher recruitment, and lower energy consumption at saturation, and the IME's greater mechanical stability and better long-term reproducibility.<>
Sponsorship	IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
Page Count	8
File Size	912410
Starting Page	781
Ending Page	788
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189294
Volume Number	36
Issue Number	7
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1989-07-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Neuromuscular stimulation Muscles Electrodes Stability Recruitment Impedance measurement Implants Shape control Electric variables control Pulse shaping methods
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomedical Engineering

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