NDLI: An Astrocyte Neuromorphic Circuit That Influences Neuronal Phase Synchrony

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An Astrocyte Neuromorphic Circuit That Influences Neuronal Phase Synchrony

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Irizarry-Valle, Y. Parker, A.C.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Neuromorphic circuits are designed and simulated to emulate the role of astrocytes in phase synchronization of neuronal activity. We emulate, to a first order, the ability of slow inward currents (SICs) evoked by the astrocyte, acting on extrasynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) of adjacent neurons, as a mechanism for phase synchronization. We run a simulation test incorporating two small networks of neurons interacting with astrocytic microdomains. These microdomains are designed using a resistive and capacitive ladder network and their interactions occur through pass transistors. Upon enough synaptic activity, the astrocytic microdomains interact with each other, generating SIC events on synapses of adjacent neurons. Since the amplitude of SICs is several orders of magnitude larger compared to synaptic currents, a SIC event drastically enhances the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) on adjacent neurons simultaneously. This causes neurons to fire synchronously in phase. Phase synchrony holds for a duration of time proportional to the time constant of the SIC decay. Once the SIC decay has completed, the neurons are able to go back to their natural phase difference, inducing desynchronization of their firing of spikes. This paper incorporates some biological aspects observed by recent experiments showing astrocytic influence on neuronal synchronization, and intends to offer a circuit view on the hypothesis of astrocytic role on synchronous activity that could potentially lead to the binding of neuronal information.
Sponsorship	IEEE Circuits and Systems Society IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
Starting Page	175
Ending Page	187
Page Count	13
File Size	2067797
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19324545
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2015-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Neurons Calcium Synchronization Neurotransmitters Integrated circuit modeling Transistors synchronization Astrocytes glial cells neuro-glia interactions neuromorphic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors slow inward currents
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Biomedical Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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