NDLI: Derivations of Effective Length Formula of Vertical Grounding Rods and Horizontal Grounding Electrodes Based on Physical Phenomena of Lightning Surge Propagations

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Yamamoto, K. Sumi, S. Sekioka, S. Jinliang He
Copyright Year	1972
Abstract	Grounding is essential to build effective lightning protection design for electric power equipment. The main role of grounding is to disperse abnormal current such as that from lightning into the soil via a grounding electrode. When the lightning current flows into the grounding electrode, the electrical potential of the electrode rises, and overvoltage arises between the equipment connected to the grounding electrode and nearby equipment. The overvoltage causes equipment to breakdown or malfunction. An effective grounding electrode controls the overvoltage at the equipment in a lightning strike and can ensure the normal operation of electrical equipment. The most common grounding electrodes are the vertical grounding rod and the horizontal buried electrode. A property of these grounding electrodes, known as effective length, has been investigated by many researchers. Many formulas to express effective length have already been proposed, all of which are determined heuristically on the basis of formulas that approximate the property from experimental or analytical test results; they are not formulas derived based on the physical phenomenon of grounding. In this paper, we first report on the results of the derivation of a formula for effective length based on the propagation velocity within the soil and the depth of penetration of the lightning surge into the soil. The aforementioned formula still has unknown constants. To decide those parameters, the finite-difference time-domain method is utilized.
Sponsorship	IEEE Industry Applications Society
Starting Page	4934
Ending Page	4942
Page Count	9
File Size	976684
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00939994
Volume Number	51
Issue Number	6
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2015-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Grounding Electrodes Soil Electric potential Wires Lightning Conductivity potential rise Effective length grounding horizontal grounding electrode vertical grounding rod lightning protection
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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