NDLI: Ground-Fault Loop Impedance Calculations in Low-Voltage Single-Phase Systems

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Haijun Liu Mitolo, M. Jun Qiu
Copyright Year	1972
Abstract	Protection against electric shock in low-voltage installations by the automatic disconnection of the supply must be provided in compliance with applicable national or international standards. Such regulations take into account different earthing types for installations. To realize the protection against indirect contact, the disconnection of the supply must occur within a permissible safe time. To this purpose, the determination of the actual ground-fault loop impedance (which may, or may not, comprise the earth) is essential. This impedance, in fact, must not exceed a maximum value so that a sufficient ground-fault current can circulate and operate protective devices within the safe time. In some instances, explained in this paper, safety might be achieved, or increased, by converting one earthing system into another, by means of single-phase transformers (SPTs). This conversion can be promoted by either utilities or users. This paper seeks to clarify the circuits to be employed for the calculation of ground-fault loop impedances when the earthing type changes across SPTs. The quantitative analysis of this topic is not currently present in technical standards.
Sponsorship	IEEE Industry Applications Society
Starting Page	1331
Ending Page	1337
Page Count	7
File Size	528264
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00939994
Volume Number	50
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2014-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Grounding Impedance Conductors Circuit faults Electrodes Safety Resistance single-phase system Earthing type electric shock equipment grounding fault loop impedance maximum disconnection time protective conductor safety
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Touch Voltage Analysis in Low-Voltage Power Systems Studies

Real-Time Monitoring of Substation Ground Potential Rise and Grounding System Impedance Using Power System Faults

Inductance Effects in Grounding and Bonding for Three-Phase AC Systems

Impact of MV Ground Fault Current Distribution on Global Earthing Systems

Thermal Sizing and Electric Shock Calculations for Equipment Grounding Conductors

Myths of Equipment Grounding and Bonding

Grounding Versus Bonding: What the National Electrical Code Does Not Explain

Of Electrical Distribution Systems With Multiple Grounded Neutrals

Grounding System in Marinas: The Microsystem Approach

Ground-Fault Loop Impedance Calculations in Low-Voltage Single-Phase Systems

Similar Documents

Touch Voltage Analysis in Low-Voltage Power Systems Studies

Real-Time Monitoring of Substation Ground Potential Rise and Grounding System Impedance Using Power System Faults

Inductance Effects in Grounding and Bonding for Three-Phase AC Systems

Impact of MV Ground Fault Current Distribution on Global Earthing Systems

Thermal Sizing and Electric Shock Calculations for Equipment Grounding Conductors

Myths of Equipment Grounding and Bonding

Grounding Versus Bonding: What the National Electrical Code Does Not Explain

Of Electrical Distribution Systems With Multiple Grounded Neutrals

Grounding System in Marinas: The Microsystem Approach

Ground-Fault Loop Impedance Calculations in Low-Voltage Single-Phase Systems