NDLI: Detection of Actinides With an Electron Accelerator by Active Photoneutron Interrogation Measurements

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Sari, A. Carrel, F. Gmar, M. Laine, F. Lyoussi, A. Normand, S.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	The solution for management of a nuclear waste package is chosen according to its radiological characteristics. One of the most important of these features is the -activity which is due to actinides ( U, U, Pu, etc.) If non-destructive passive methods are not sufficient to quantify the latter, non-destructive active methods based on the fission process represent a solution of interest. First, these methods consist in irradiating a package in order to induce fission reactions on the actinides, and then, to detect the prompt and delayed particles which are emitted following these reactions. Our aim is to conduct neutron interrogation measurements on nuclear waste packages using an electron accelerator as a photoneutron generator. One of the main interests of this approach is that the intensity of the neutron flux can be one or two orders of magnitude higher than the one delivered by a deuterium-tritium generator. With the objective of improving nuclear waste characterization, the development of this method could enable the integration of three complementary techniques on a single measurement cell (active neutron interrogation, active photon interrogation, and high-energy imaging). In this paper, simulation and experimental results are presented. A simulation study using MCNPX has been conducted in order to determine the characteristics of the photoneutron flux emitted by the electron accelerator of the SAPHIR facility owned by CEA LIST. Energy spectra, angular distribution and intensity of the photoneutron flux have been obtained. A photoneutron interrogation measurement cell based on this accelerator has been built and assessed by carrying out measurements on uranium samples. Delayed gamma-ray spectra have been acquired and enabled to confirm the experimental feasibility of our method.
Sponsorship	IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Computer Applications in Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (CANPS) Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab. APS College of William and Mary Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility NASA Defence Nuclear Agency Sandia National Laboratories Jet Propulsion Laboratory Brookhaven Nat. Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab IEEE/NPPS Radiat. Effects Committee Defence Nuclear Agency/DoD Sandia National Laboratories/DOE Jet Propulsion Laboratory/NASA Phillips Lab./DoD
Starting Page	605
Ending Page	611
Page Count	7
File Size	707713
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189499
Volume Number	59
Issue Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-06-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Photonics Neutrons Electron accelerators Tungsten Isotopes Generators Radioactive pollution uranium Delayed gamma-rays electron accelerator neutron interrogation photoneutron
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nuclear and High Energy Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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Neutron interrogation of actinides with a 17 MeV electron accelerator and first results from photon and neutron interrogation non-simultaneous measurements combination

Design of a Neutron Interrogation Cell Based on an Electron Accelerator and Performance Assessment on 220 Liter Nuclear Waste Mock-Up Drums

Design of a neutron interrogation cell based on an electron accelerator and performance assessment on 220 liter nuclear waste mock-up drums

Characterization and optimization of the photoneutron flux emitted by a 6 or 9 MeV electron accelerator for neutron interrogation measurements

Comparison of Active Interrogation Techniques

Detection of actinides with an electron accelerator by active photoneutron interrogation measurements

Characterization of the Photoneutron Flux Emitted by an Electron Accelerator Using an Activation Detector

Identification of Actinides Inside Nuclear Waste Packages by Measurement of Fission Delayed Gammas

Thermal Neutron Die-Away Studies in a 14 MeV Neutron-Based Active Interrogation System

Detection of Actinides With an Electron Accelerator by Active Photoneutron Interrogation Measurements

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