NDLI: Comparative Study of Mode Control in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers With Photonic Crystal and Micropillar Etching

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ivanov, P.S. Heard, P.J. Cryan, M.J. Rorison, J.M.
Copyright Year	1965
Abstract	The dependence of spectral, power versus current and small-signal modulation characteristics versus the etch depth in two types of surface-etched vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are experimentally and theoretically investigated. One type has a photonic crystal (PC) fabricated in the top distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), whereas the second type has a micropillar (MP) created by removing the DBR surrounding it. The aim of both fabrication designs is to improve the single-mode high-power output. Theoretical and experimental results are found to be in qualitative agreement. It is shown that mode-selective optical losses, introduced by the etched holes of the PC in the DBR, control the optical modes of the PC-VCSEL. Single-fundamental-mode radiation is observed for deeply etched PC- and MP-VCSELs. In contrast, improved modulation characteristics are found for shallowly etched devices. Higher-order single-mode generation with improved modulation characteristics is demonstrated for PC-VCSELs with an etch depth of 1.54 μm. PC-VCSELs demonstrate higher slope efficiency, lower threshold current, and series resistance compared with MP-VCSELs of the same etching depth.
Sponsorship	IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society
Starting Page	1257
Ending Page	1265
Page Count	9
File Size	682284
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189197
Volume Number	47
Issue Number	9
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2011-09-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers Distributed Bragg reflectors Etching Modulation Optical reflection Measurement by laser beam vertical cavity surface emitting lasers Laser cavity resonators laser modes photonic crystals semiconductor lasers
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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