NDLI: Design of Active Circulators Using High-Speed Operational Amplifiers

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Pin-Heng Chen Narayanan, R.M.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Design formulas and prototype realizations of an operational amplifier based active circulators operating from dc to 500 MHz are presented. The operational unit of the circulator consists of a chip-resistor based voltage divider and an Op Amp differential amplifier which can be easily fabricated at low cost for general low power applications. An existing widely used circuit is shown to be a special case of the more generalized theory presented in this letter. Our design shows a return loss of greater than 10 dB, an insertion loss flatness within ±0.8 dB, and an isolation greater than 20 dB at frequencies below 500 MHz.
Sponsorship	IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society
Starting Page	575
Ending Page	577
Page Count	3
File Size	559040
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15311309
Volume Number	20
Issue Number	10
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-10-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Circulators Prototypes Gain Mathematical model Ferrites Equations Impedance operational amplifiers
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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Design of Active Circulators Using High-Speed Operational Amplifiers