NDLI: A Natural Visible and Infrared Facial Expression Database for Expression Recognition and Emotion Inference

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Shangfei Wang Zhilei Liu Siliang Lv Yanpeng Lv Guobing Wu Peng Peng Fei Chen Xufa Wang
Copyright Year	1999
Abstract	To date, most facial expression analysis has been based on visible and posed expression databases. Visible images, however, are easily affected by illumination variations, while posed expressions differ in appearance and timing from natural ones. In this paper, we propose and establish a natural visible and infrared facial expression database, which contains both spontaneous and posed expressions of more than 100 subjects, recorded simultaneously by a visible and an infrared thermal camera, with illumination provided from three different directions. The posed database includes the apex expressional images with and without glasses. As an elementary assessment of the usability of our spontaneous database for expression recognition and emotion inference, we conduct visible facial expression recognition using four typical methods, including the eigenface approach [principle component analysis (PCA)], the fisherface approach [PCA + linear discriminant analysis (LDA)], the Active Appearance Model (AAM), and the AAM-based + LDA. We also use PCA and PCA+LDA to recognize expressions from infrared thermal images. In addition, we analyze the relationship between facial temperature and emotion through statistical analysis. Our database is available for research purposes.
Sponsorship	IEEE Signal Processing Society IEEE Circuits and Systems Society IEEE Communications Society IEEE Computer Society
Starting Page	682
Ending Page	691
Page Count	10
File Size	2228498
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15209210
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	7
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-11-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Emotion recognition Face recognition Image databases Principal component analysis Linear discriminant analysis Lighting Active appearance model Timing Cameras Image sequences visible image Emotion inference expression recognition facial expression infrared image spontaneous database
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering Computer Science Applications Media Technology

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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