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| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | De Lurgio, P.M. Drake, G.R. Kreps, A.S. Jennings, G. Weizeorick, J.T. Molitsky, M.J. Naday, I. Hessler, J.P. |
| Copyright Year | 1963 |
| Abstract | A high-speed one-dimensional detector for time-resolved small-angle x-ray scattering has been designed and built for experiments at the Advanced Photon Source of Argonne National Laboratory. This detector is made from a 500-μm thick by 150-mm diameter ultra-high-purity n-type silicon wafer. The electrodes, which are a series of concentric rings that are deposited in the wafer, integrate the scattered x-rays over the azimuthal angle and, thereby, produce a one-dimensional detector. This design yields 128 rings, which allows parallel processing of the signal from each ring. The readout electronics consist of transimpedance front-end amplifiers, one for each ring, followed by active pulse-shaping filters. The amplifier signals are digitized using 12-bit analog-to-digital converters, one per ring, which operate at 20 MHz. The frame rate of the system is 271 kHz. Up to 220 - 1 scattering profiles may be stored on a random access memory chip and transferred to a data file at a rate of 16 × 103 profiles/sec. For X-ray energies between 3.5 and 13.2 keV the efficiency exceeds 80%. The resolving time of the electronics is 300 ns, which is sufficient to isolate electronically a single pulse of scattered x-rays when the synchrotron is operated in a hybrid or asymmetric fill pattern. Therefore, laser-pump/x-ray-probe experiments can be performed without a mechanical shutter. Examples of time-resolved speckle and the kinetics of the formation of sodium chloride particles are presented. This detector is capable of acquiring small-angle x-ray scattering profiles over multiple time scales, which are needed to characterize many chemical, physical, and biological processes. In addition, this detector may be tested and calibrated before experimental runs, without access to an intense beam of x-rays, with alpha particles from a radioactive source such as 241Am. |
| Sponsorship | IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Computer Applications in Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (CANPS) Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab. APS College of William and Mary Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility NASA Defence Nuclear Agency Sandia National Laboratories Jet Propulsion Laboratory Brookhaven Nat. Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab IEEE/NPPS Radiat. Effects Committee Defence Nuclear Agency/DoD Sandia National Laboratories/DOE Jet Propulsion Laboratory/NASA Phillips Lab./DoD |
| Starting Page | 1706 |
| Ending Page | 1715 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| File Size | 491974 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00189499 |
| Volume Number | 57 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher Date | 2010-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | U.S.A. |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subject Keyword | X-ray detection X-ray detectors X-ray scattering Particle scattering Pulse amplifiers X-ray lasers Laboratories Silicon Electrodes Azimuthal angle x-ray detector Front-end electronics silicon-strip detector small-angle x-ray scattering time-resolved small-angle x-ray scattering |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Nuclear and High Energy Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nuclear Energy and Engineering |
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