NDLI: Bathymetry Estimation From Single-Frame Images of Nearshore Waves

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Splinter, K.D. Holman, R.A.
Copyright Year	1980
Abstract	Existing methods for determining bathymetry from remotely sensed images of nearshore waves exploit only information on the magnitude of wavenumber (k = 2pi/L), ignoring spatial changes in wave direction thetas that can provide information about bathymetry gradients. These methods also require wave period information, so they can only be used when time series imagery is available. We present an algorithm where changes in direction of refracting waves are used to determine underlying bathymetry gradients based on the irrotationality of wavenumber condition. Depth dependences are explicitly introduced through the linear dispersion relationship. The final form of the model is independent of wave period so that all necessary input measurements can be derived from a single aerial snapshot taken from a plane, unmanned aerial vehicle, or satellite. Three different methods were tested for extracting wavenumber and angle from images, i.e., two based on spatial gradients of wave phase and one based on integrated travel times between sample locations (a tomographic approach). Synthetic testing using monochromatic and bichromatic waves, with and without noise, showed that while all three methods work well under ideal wave conditions, gradient methods were overly sensitive to data imperfections. The tomographic approach yielded robust wave measurements and provided confidence limits to objectively identify unusable areas. Further tests of this method using monochromatic waves on three synthetic bathymetries of increasing complexity showed a mean bathymetry bias of 0.01 m and a mean rms error of 0.17 m. While not always applicable, the model provides an alternative form of bathymetry estimation when celerity information is not available.
Sponsorship	IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society IEEE URSI
Starting Page	3151
Ending Page	3160
Page Count	10
File Size	838893
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01962892
Volume Number	47
Issue Number	9
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-09-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Oceanographic techniques Sea measurements Testing Optical sensors Laser radar Tomography Optical surface waves Dispersion Unmanned aerial vehicles Satellites wavelength measurement Image processing sea floor sea surface
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
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9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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