NDLI: A 440-nA True Random Number Generator for Passive RFID Tags

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Balachandran, G.K. Barnett, R.E.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	This paper describes a 440-nA true random number (RN) generator for passive ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) tags that operate in the 900-MHz band. Since passive tags derive their power supply through the rectification of the incoming RF signal, limited power is available, and hence, a typical total IC current budget is less than a few microamperes. An RN is generated by a passive RFID tag on the fly, and it is used by the reader to identify the tag uniquely and communicate with it in a field consisting of many tags. The RN in this paper consists of a 16-bit-long deterministic binary sequence to which a 3-bit true RN is added. Without the 3-bit true RN, if two tags happen to have the same deterministic 16-bit sequence, a collision occurs, and there is no way to resolve it. In this paper, we propose a power efficient way of generating the 3-bit true RN using the jitter-sampled carrier technique. This technique subsamples the already present 900-MHz RF carrier using a jittered (noisy) clock. The design challenges of sampling a high-frequency signal that swings above and below ground are described. In addition, the generation of a jitter of adequate magnitude with adequate high-frequency spectral content to ensure that the number is truly random is also described. Measurement results on a silicon prototype implemented in a 130-nm analog CMOS process are provided.
Sponsorship	IEEE Circuits and Systems Society
Starting Page	3723
Ending Page	3732
Page Count	10
File Size	1634785
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15498328
Volume Number	55
Issue Number	11
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-12-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Random number generation Passive RFID tags Radiofrequency identification Frequency RFID tags Power supplies Radiofrequency integrated circuits Binary sequences Signal resolution Power generation ultralow power Analog circuits jitter passive tags radio frequency identification (RFID) random number (RN) Circuits Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) random number ultra low power
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hardware and Architecture

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Unobtrusive long-range detection of passive RFID tag motion

The Multitag Microwave RFID System

A Chipless RFID Sensor System for Cyber Centric Monitoring Applications

Query tree-based reservation for efficient RFID tag anti-collision

Energy Scavenging for Inductively Coupled Passive RFID Systems

A 110 nA Voltage Regulator System With Dynamic Bandwidth Boosting for RFID Systems

A Novel Battery-Assisted Class-1 Generation-2 RF Identification Tag Design

Performance comparison of inkjet and thermal transfer printed passive ultra-high-frequency radio-frequency identification tags

An EEPROM Programming Controller for Passive UHF RFID Transponders With Gated Clock Regulation Loop and Current Surge Control

A 440-nA True Random Number Generator for Passive RFID Tags

Similar Documents

Unobtrusive long-range detection of passive RFID tag motion

The Multitag Microwave RFID System

A Chipless RFID Sensor System for Cyber Centric Monitoring Applications

Query tree-based reservation for efficient RFID tag anti-collision

Energy Scavenging for Inductively Coupled Passive RFID Systems

A 110 nA Voltage Regulator System With Dynamic Bandwidth Boosting for RFID Systems

A Novel Battery-Assisted Class-1 Generation-2 RF Identification Tag Design

Performance comparison of inkjet and thermal transfer printed passive ultra-high-frequency radio-frequency identification tags

An EEPROM Programming Controller for Passive UHF RFID Transponders With Gated Clock Regulation Loop and Current Surge Control

A 440-nA True Random Number Generator for Passive RFID Tags