NDLI: The Assimilation of SSMIS Radiances in Numerical Weather Prediction Models

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Bell, W. Candy, B. Atkinson, N. Hilton, F. Baker, N. Bormann, N. Kelly, G. Kazumori, M. Campbell, W.F. Swadley, S.D.
Copyright Year	1980
Abstract	The measurement uncertainty requirements imposed by numerical weather prediction (NWP) data assimilation applications for temperature sounding radiances are very demanding. For an ensemble of observations collected during an orbit, (postbias correction) measurement uncertainties of ~ 0.2 K (at 1 sigma) or better are required in tropospheric sounding channels to improve analyses, and hence forecasts, from current NWP models. A significant fraction of F-16 Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) observations are affected by calibration errors caused by solar intrusions into the warm calibration load and by thermal emission from the main reflector. The magnitude of these effects is as large as 1.5 K for the lower atmospheric temperature sounding channels. This paper describes the approach to correct for these effects, which involves data averaging, flagging solar intrusions, and modeling reflector emission. The resulting quality of the radiances is improved by a factor of three to four for mid-tropospheric temperature sounding channels. Observation minus background field differences are reduced from 0.5-0.8 K (at one standard deviation) for uncorrected data to 0.2 K for corrected data. Although localized biases remain in the corrected data, assimilation experiments using SSMIS data at four operational NWP centers (Met Office, ECMWF, NCEP, and NRL) show a neutral-to-positive impact on forecast quality in the Southern Hemisphere with, for example, mean sea-level pressure forecast errors at days 1-4 reduced by 0.5%-2.5%. Impacts in the Northern Hemisphere are neutral in most assimilation experiments.
Sponsorship	IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society IEEE URSI
Starting Page	884
Ending Page	900
Page Count	17
File Size	1290202
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01962892
Volume Number	46
Issue Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-04-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Weather forecasting Predictive models Numerical models Measurement uncertainty Temperature sensors Atmospheric modeling Calibration Data assimilation Demand forecasting Image sensors Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) Calibration/validation (Cal/Val) numerical weather prediction (NWP) radiance assimilation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS) Radiometric Calibration Anomalies—Part I: Identification and Characterization

Intercalibration Between Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder and Special Sensor Microwave Imager

Evaluation of Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) Environmental Data Records

Observations of Tropical Cyclones With the SSMIS

Intense Tropical Thunderstorms Detected by the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder

Design and Evaluation of the First Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder

Effects of $CO_{2}$ Changes on Hyperspectral Infrared Radiances and Its Implications on Atmospheric Temperature Profile Retrieval and Data Assimilation in NWP

Analysis and Characterization of the SSMIS Upper Atmosphere Sounding Channel Measurements

Towards the assimilation of all-sky microwave radiances from the SAPHIR humidity sounder in a limited area NWP model over tropical regions

The Assimilation of SSMIS Radiances in Numerical Weather Prediction Models

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