NDLI: Reduction of Dot Crawl and Rainbow Artifacts in the NTSC Video

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ji Won Lee Rae-Hong Park Sunghee Kim
Copyright Year	1975
Abstract	In the encoder of the National Television System Committee (NTSC) system, a composite video burst signal (CVBS) is generated using the luminance (Y) signal and the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated chrominance (C) signal. In the decoder, it is important that the CVBS be accurately separated into luminance and chrominance signals by a Y/C separation filter. Otherwise, various artifacts, such as dot crawl, rainbow effect, and color bleeding, appear in a decoded video, degrading the quality of the decoded video. In addition, modern high-definition television (HDTV) system suffers from outdated analog decoding artifacts when HDTV compression techniques were applied to the not ideally decoded former standard-definition format video images. This paper proposes artifact reduction methods of dot crawl and rainbow effect using the characteristics of the CVBS video. The proposed artifact reduction algorithms use two successive frames, in which the decoded video images are divided into not moving (stationary) and moving regions. The stationary regions are filtered by a temporal filter, whereas the moving regions are further classified into three subdivided regions of different types of artifacts to apply them into temporal or spatial filters because inappropriately temporally filtered moving region delivers jitters on the edge. In the proposed algorithms, considering characteristics of the NTSC decoded image, a block matching algorithm based on 4x4 non-overlapping blocks is used for motion estimation and compensation. Computer simulations with various simulated and real videos containing NTSC artifacts show the effectiveness of the proposed artifact reduction methods.
Sponsorship	IEEE Consumer Electronics Society
Starting Page	740
Ending Page	748
Page Count	9
File Size	1356564
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00983063
Volume Number	53
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2007-05-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Decoding Video compression Quadrature amplitude modulation HDTV TV Filters Computer simulation Signal generators Amplitude modulation Hemorrhaging
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Media Technology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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