NDLI: Estimation of Sound Speed Profiles Using Artificial Neural Networks

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Jain, S. Ali, M.M.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	The vast and complex oceans that are optically opaque are acoustically transparent, enabling characterization of physical and biological bodies and processes of sea using sound as a premier tool. Lack of direct observations of vertical profiles of velocimeters and/or temperature and salinity, from which sound speed can be calculated, limits specifications and investigation of temporal and spatial variabilities of the three-dimensional structure of the sound speed in the oceans. In this study, the authors demonstrate estimation of sound speed profiles (SSPs) from surface observations using an artificial neural network (ANN) method. Surface observations from a mooring in the central Arabian Sea are used as a proxy to the satellite observations. The ANN-estimated SSPs had a root-mean-square error of 1.16 m/s and a coefficient of determination of 0.98. About 76% (93%) of the estimates lie within plusmn1 m/s (plusmn2 m/s) of the SSPs obtained from in situ temperature and salinity profiles
Sponsorship	IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society
Starting Page	467
Ending Page	470
Page Count	4
File Size	158459
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1545598X
Volume Number	3
Issue Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2006-10-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Artificial neural networks Ocean temperature Sea surface Sea measurements Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Satellites Velocity measurement Remote sensing Biomedical optical imaging underwater acoustics Artificial neural network (ANN) central Arabian Sea sound speed profiles (SSPs)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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