NDLI: FDTD modeling of a novel ELF Radar for major oil deposits using a three-dimensional geodesic grid of the Earth-ionosphere waveguide

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Simpson, J.J. Heikes, R.P. Taflove, A.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	This paper reports the first application of an optimized geodesic, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) grid to model impulsive, extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic wave propagation within the entire Earth-ionosphere cavity. This new model, which complements our previously reported efficient 3-D latitude-longitude grid, is comprised entirely of hexagonal cells except for a small, fixed number of pentagonal cells. Grid-cell areas and locations are optimized to yield a smoothly varying area difference between adjacent cells, thereby maximizing numerical convergence. Extending from 100 km below sea level to an altitude of 100 km, this technique can accommodate arbitrary horizontal as well as vertical geometrical and electrical inhomogeneities/anisotropies of the excitation, ionosphere, lithosphere, and oceans. We first verify the global model by comparing the FDTD-calculated daytime ELF propagation attenuation with data reported in the literature. Then as one example application of this grid, we illustrate a novel ELF radar for major oil deposits.
Sponsorship	IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society
Starting Page	1734
Ending Page	1741
Page Count	8
File Size	1159556
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0018926X
Volume Number	54
Issue Number	6
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2006-06-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Finite difference methods Time domain analysis Ground penetrating radar Geophysical measurement techniques Petroleum Electromagnetic waveguides Electromagnetic modeling Electromagnetic propagation Convergence of numerical methods Sea level ultra-low frequency (ULF) Earth extremely low-frequency (ELF) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) geodesic grid oil field propagation attenuation radar sphere
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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A novel ELF radar for major oil deposits

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FDTD modeling of a novel ELF Radar for major oil deposits using a three-dimensional geodesic grid of the Earth-ionosphere waveguide

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