NDLI: Automated classification and analysis of the calcium response of single T lymphocytes using a neural network approach

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Payne, S.J. Arrol, H.P. Hunt, S.V. Young, S.P.
Copyright Year	1990
Abstract	The gene activities in T lymphocytes that regulate immune responses are influenced by Ca/sup 2+/ ([Ca/sup 2+/]/sub i/). The intracellular calcium signals are highly heterogeneous and vitally important in determining the immune outcome. The signals in individual cells can be measured using fluorescence microscopy but to group the cells into classes with similar signal kinetics is currently laborious. Here, we demonstrate a method for the automated classification of the responses into four categories formerly identified by an expert's inspection. This method comprises characterising the response by a second-order model, performing frequency analysis, and using derived features as inputs to two multilayer perceptron neural networks (NNs). We compare the algorithm's performance on an example data set against the human classification: it was found to classify identically more than 70% of the data, despite small sample sizes in two categories and significant overlap between the other two classes. The group characterized by an oscillating signal showed the presence of a number of frequencies, which may be important in determining gene activation. A classification threshold enables the automatic identification of patterns with a low-classification certainty. Future refinement of the algorithm may allow the identification of more classes, which may be important in different immune responses associated with disease.
Sponsorship	IEEE Computational Intelligence Society
Page Count	10
File Size	399460
Starting Page	949
Ending Page	958
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10459227
Volume Number	16
Issue Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2005-07-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Calcium Neural networks Immune system Frequency Current measurement Fluorescence Microscopy Kinetic theory Inspection Performance analysis signalling lymphocyte oscillation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Artificial Intelligence Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications Software

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in