NDLI: Retrievals of low integrated water vapor using MIR and SSM/T-2 measurements

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Wang, J.R. Manning, W.
Copyright Year	1980
Abstract	Satellite radiometric measurements at 150, 183.3/spl plusmn/3, and 183.3/spl plusmn/7 GHz have previously been used to retrieve integrated water vapor <1 g/cm/sup 2/ over Antarctica. The effects of the frequency dependence of surface emissivity and the variation of surface temperature on the retrieval, which have not been closely examined in the studies, are analyzed. Using four days of near-concurrent airborne and satellite radiometric measurements, it is shown that the previously derived retrieval algorithm could overestimate or underestimate integrated water vapor by up to 0.1 g/cm/sup 2/, depending on whether the surface emissivity increases or decreases with frequency. The average of the absolute value of the bias for each flight case studied is /spl les/0.04g/cm/sup 2/. Additionally, surface skin temperature is shown to vary substantially over a range from 240-270 K during these four days of measurements; the corresponding effect on the retrieval of integrated water vapor is comparable to that due to frequency dependence on surface emissivity. The quantitative correction needed for this effect is dependent upon the magnitude of integrated water vapor. At high values of integrated water vapor of 0.6-0.8 g/cm/sup 2/, the corrections are as large as 0.1 g/cm/sup 2/ for changes of surface temperature of /spl plusmn/10 K. A simple procedure is implemented to correct for this error, which significantly improves the retrieval. Correction for the frequency dependence of surface emissivity is nontrivial when using currently available satellite measurements; in order to properly correct this effect, an additional channel of measurements, e.g., at 220 GHz, is required.
Sponsorship	IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society IEEE URSI
Starting Page	630
Ending Page	639
Page Count	10
File Size	1281488
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01962892
Volume Number	41
Issue Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2003-03-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Frequency measurement Satellite broadcasting Frequency dependence Radiometry Temperature dependence Current measurement Antarctica Skin Temperature distribution Error correction
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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