NDLI: Multimegameter-range acoustic data obtained by bottom-mounted hydrophone arrays for measurement of ocean temperature

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Dushaw, B.D. Howe, B.M. Mercer, J.A. Spindel, R.C. Baggeroer, A.B. Menemenlis, D. Wunsch, C. Birdsall, T.G. Metzger, K. Clark, C. Colosi, J.A. Comuelle, B.D. Dzieciuch, M. Munk, W. Worcester, P.F. Costa, D. Forbes, A.M.G.
Copyright Year	1976
Abstract	Acoustic signals transmitted from the ATOC source on Pioneer Seamount off the coast of California have been received at various sites around the Pacific Basin since January 1996. We describe data obtained using bottom-mounted receivers, including US Navy Sound Surveillance System arrays, at ranges up to 5 Mm from the Pioneer Seamount source. Stable identifiable ray arrivals are observed in several cases, but some receiving arrays are not well suited to detecting the direct ray arrivals. At 5-Mm range, travel-time variations at tidal frequencies (about 50 ms peak to peak) agree well with predicted values, providing verification of the acoustic measurements as well as the tidal model. On the longest and northernmost acoustic paths, the time series of resolved ray travel times show an annual cycle peak-to-peak variation of about 1 s and other fluctuations caused by natural oceanic variability. An annual cycle is not evident in travel times from shorter acoustic paths in the eastern Pacific, though only one realization of the annual cycle is available. The low-pass-filtered travel times are estimated to an accuracy of about 10 ms. This travel-time uncertainty corresponds to errors in range- and depth-averaged temperature of only a few millidegrees, while the annual peak-to-peak variation in temperature averaged horizontally over the acoustic path and vertically over the upper 1 km of ocean is up to 0.5/spl deg/C.
Sponsorship	IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society
Starting Page	202
Ending Page	214
Page Count	13
File Size	481756
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03649059
Volume Number	24
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1999-04-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Sonar equipment Acoustic arrays Acoustic measurements Ocean temperature Temperature distribution Sea measurements Laboratories Temperature measurement Acoustic signal detection Frequency
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ocean Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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