NDLI: Observations of East Coast upwelling conditions in synthetic aperture radar imagery

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Clemente-Colon, P. Xiao-Hai Yan
Copyright Year	1980
Abstract	Seasonal coastal upwelling in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic coastal ocean normally occurs during the summer months because of generally alongshore southerly wind episodes. Southerly winds force an offshore surface Ekman flow over the inner continental shelf. Colder and nutrient-rich waters from below upwell toward the surface replacing offshore-flowing surface waters. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) observations from the European Remote Sensing (ERS) satellite ERS-2 before and after upwelling-favorable wind episodes in early summer 1996 along the New Jersey coast are presented. Lower backscatter conditions appearing in the SAR imagery after the onset of upwelling demonstrate the influence of the upwelling regime on the sea surface roughness. Satellite sea surface temperature (SST) observations and in-situ sea temperature vertical profiles confirm upwelling conditions. Three key mechanisms are suggested to explain the lower radar returns observed under upwelling conditions, an increase in the atmospheric marine boundary layer stability, an increase in the viscosity of surface waters, and the presence of biogenic surfactants in the upwelling region.
Sponsorship	IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society IEEE URSI
Starting Page	2239
Ending Page	2248
Page Count	10
File Size	1600980
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01962892
Volume Number	37
Issue Number	5
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1999-09-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Ocean temperature Sea surface Sea measurements Synthetic aperture radar Satellites Rough surfaces Surface roughness Remote sensing Backscatter Sea surface roughness
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
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9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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