NDLI: Application of orthogonal codes to the calibration of active phased array antennas for communication satellites

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Silverstein, S.D.
Copyright Year	1991
Abstract	This work describes two algorithms designed for remote calibration of an N/sub c/-element active phased-array antenna. These algorithms involve transmission of N/spl ges/N/sub c/ time multiplexed orthogonal encoded signals. The received signals are coherently detected, accumulated in vector forms, and decoded with the inverse of the orthogonal encoding matrix. The unitary transform encoding (UTE) algorithm is most suited for digital beamforming as it requires additional encoding hardware for an analog implementation. The control circuit encoding (CCE) algorithm is ideally suited for analog beamformers as it requires no additional encoding hardware. The CCE method encodes phased-array elemental signals using a Hadamard matrix to control the switching of intrinsic phase shifter delay circuits. The UTE and CCE algorithms can reduce the average measurement integration times for the complete set of calibration parameters by /spl sim/N/sub c/ relative to the corresponding values for single-element calibration procedures. This is significant for satellite systems as calibration must be performed in a short enough time window that the process can be treated as being stationary. Proofs are given that the orthogonal codes satisfy the mathematical lower bounds for the asymptotic forms of calibration parameter estimation variances.
Sponsorship	IEEE Signal Processing Society
Starting Page	206
Ending Page	218
Page Count	13
File Size	566618
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1053587X
Volume Number	45
Issue Number	1
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1997-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Calibration Encoding Hardware Algorithm design and analysis Signal detection Decoding Array signal processing Switching circuits Phase shifters Delay
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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