NDLI: Cardiac pacing electrodes

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Stokes, K.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	On the surface, the cardiac pacing lead is just a simple cable that connects the pulse generator to the heart. The simple appearance of the lead is very misleading, however. The size, longevity, and features of the pulse generator and the patient's safety depend to a large extent on the performance of the lead. The pacemaker must assure that the heart will contract with each stimulus. Thus the pacemaker must deliver a pulse of sufficient voltage and duration to stimulate with a sufficient safety factor to cope with any minute-to-minute variations that may occur in daily life. At the same time, it is necessary to use as little current as possible to maintain as long a battery longevity as is practical. The most common approaches to the problem of reliably delivering a stimulus with adequate safety margin while decreasing the current drained from the battery have traditionally centered around electrode size, materials, surface structure, shape, and more recently glucocorticosteroid sustained release. Relatively little effort has been directed reward optimizing the stimulus waveform for treatment of Brady arrhythmias.
Sponsorship	IEEE Publication
Starting Page	457
Ending Page	467
Page Count	11
File Size	1964758
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189219
Volume Number	84
Issue Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1996-03-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Electrodes Safety Pulse generation Heart Pacemakers Batteries Contracts Voltage Maintenance Materials reliability
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Science Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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