NDLI: On Achieving a Clinically Useful D-T Neutron Isocentric Therapy System

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Hilton, John L. Hendry, George O.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	The escalation of minimum acceptable design goals for a "clinically useful" sealed D-T neutron generator tube appears to be leveling off after the requested tube lifetime output has been increased 4000 fold. Perhaps for the first time in the 15-year developmental evolution, we are now delivering a hospital system definable as "clinically useful" without being leapfrogged by another new set of yet higher requirements. The Cyclotron Corporation's Model 4100 Neutron Cancer Therapy System with its output of 8 × 1012 (14 MeV) neutron/sec designed for 500 hours is made up of: a factory recyclable miniature 200 kV sealed tube which radially accelerates up to 450 mA of deuterium and tritium ions from four duoplasmatron-type ion sources onto a central target; hand changeable radiation collimators; boronated hydrogenous shielding; isocentric gantry mounting; clinical diagnostics; and controls. The self-contained gas handling system which provides the needed differential gas pressure also stores, pumps, cleans, and recycles the D-T inventory. It is composed of a reversible getter high vacuum pump, a selective noble gas sputterion pump, and a specialized uranium trap which, by controlled thermal decomposition of uranium hydride, regulates the ion source pressure. A D-T gas inventory of 3.7 k curies provides beam-on time of about three hours, while the gas recycle requires one to two hours. The four-sided target is made up from an array of heat transfer-optimized small copper tubes and their metal surface cladding which results in relatively high neutron output and long target life.
Sponsorship	IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Computer Applications in Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (CANPS) Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab. APS College of William and Mary Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility NASA Defence Nuclear Agency Sandia National Laboratories Jet Propulsion Laboratory Brookhaven Nat. Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab IEEE/NPPS Radiat. Effects Committee Defence Nuclear Agency/DoD Sandia National Laboratories/DOE Jet Propulsion Laboratory/NASA Phillips Lab./DoD
Starting Page	1889
Ending Page	1892
Page Count	4
File Size	2508804
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189499
Volume Number	28
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1981-04-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Neutrons Medical treatment Ion sources Hospitals Cyclotrons Cancer Production facilities Acceleration Deuterium Collimators
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nuclear and High Energy Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nuclear Energy and Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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