NDLI: Radar determination of winds at sea

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Moore, R.K. Fung, A.K.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	This paper reviews the history and the current status of the relationship between the backscattering coefficient σ° and the wind-speed u at microwave frequencies. When σ° is assumed to be proportional to u^γ, measurements have indicated that γ lies in the vicinity of 1.4 to 2.0. Under similar conditions with incidence angle between 30° and 80°, γ for HH polarization is usually larger than that of VV polarization and γ for upwind or downwind is larger than that of the crosswind. Better surface truth and controlled experiments are still needed to obtain a more specific value for γ under a given condition. Theoretical modeling of radar sea scatter indicates that near vertical incidence the physical optics method is applicable while for incidence angles approximately in the range 30° to 80° the return can be explained by Bragg scattering due to capillary waves when the tilting effect of the large-scale waves is also included. The methods used in extracting wind vectors from SEASAT scatterometer measurements are outlined. Areas where further experimental and theoretical studies are needed are indicated.
Sponsorship	IEEE Publication
Starting Page	1504
Ending Page	1521
Page Count	18
File Size	1866444
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189219
Volume Number	67
Issue Number	11
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1979-11-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Radar scattering Sea measurements Optical scattering History Backscatter Microwave frequencies Optical polarization Optical surface waves Sea surface Radar theory
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Science Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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