NDLI: The Role of Surface Condition in the Yields of Secondary Electrons, Backscattered Electrons, and Photoelectrons From Spacecraft

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Lai, S.T.
Copyright Year	1973
Abstract	This paper reviews some active research topics of outgoing electron currents in spacecraft charging. The spacecraft potential is determined by the current balance. On a spacecraft, the incoming currents of ambient electrons and ambient ions can be measured, whereas the outgoing currents of secondary electrons (SEs), backscattered electrons (BEs), and photoelectrons (PEs) cannot. The outgoing currents depend on the incoming currents, surface materials, and surface conditions. For SE yields, using the encyclopedia parameters of the materials is not sufficient; surface conditions also need to be taken into account. For BEs, the yield approaches unity as the primary electron energy approaches zero. For PEs, reflectance is important. We conjecture that highly reflective surfaces generate little or no PEs and would charge to negative voltages as if in eclipse. As a consequence, differential charging may develop between adjacent surfaces as they get exposed to sunlight.
Sponsorship	IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society
Starting Page	3492
Ending Page	3497
Page Count	6
File Size	832637
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00933813
Volume Number	41
Issue Number	12
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2013-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Surface charging Space vehicles Materials Rough surfaces Surface roughness Aircraft manufacture Surface contamination surface conditions Backscattered electrons (BEs) photoelectrons (PEs) secondary electrons (SEs) spacecraft charging
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nuclear and High Energy Physics Condensed Matter Physics

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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