NDLI: Reduction of the Linear Reflex Gain Explained From the M1

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Klomp, A. de Vlugt, E. Meskers, C.G.M. de Groot, J.H. Arendzen, J.H. van der Helm, F.C.T.
Copyright Year	1964
Abstract	Linear system identification methods combined with neuromechanical modeling enable the quantification of reflex gains from recorded joint angular perturbation, torque, and/or electromyography (EMG). However, the stretch reflex response as recorded by EMG consists of multiple consecutive activation volleys (M1 and M2 responses) separated by a period of reduced activity and is nonlinearly related to joint perturbation. The goal of this study is to assess to what extent linear assumptions hold when quantifying these reflexive responses. Series of ramp-and-hold angular perturbations with fixed velocity but different ramp durations (and, therefore, different amplitudes) were applied to the wrist joint of seven healthy volunteers. Evoked EMG responses were compared to the reflex response estimated from a common linear reflex model relating EMG to perturbation velocity. Model fits described the measured EMG responses best when the perturbation and M1 response durations were equivalent. With increasing perturbation duration, i.e., amplitude, EMG response increased but reflex gain decreased due to the inert period after M1, which is believed to be related to alignment of the refractory period of the motoneurons. For angular joint perturbations exceeding the M1 duration (coinciding with 2° of wrist joint rotation in this study), reflex gain variation may be largely explained from a shortcoming of the linear model in describing the nonlinear reflex response, and in particular the period of low reflexive activity after M1.
Sponsorship	IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
Page Count	7
File Size	3256446
Starting Page	1721
Ending Page	1727
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189294
Volume Number	60
Issue Number	6
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2013-01-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Torque Electromyography Joints Gain Torque measurement Wrist stretch reflex M1–M2 response neuromechanics nonlinearity reflex gain
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomedical Engineering

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