NDLI: A Broadband Injection-Locking Class-E Power Amplifier

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Chi-Hsien Lin Hong-Yeh Chang
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	This paper presents a fully integrated two-stage injection-locking class-E power amplifier (PA) using a GaAs 0.5-μm enhancement- and depletion-mode pseudomorphic high-electron mobility transistor (E/D-mode PHEMT) process. The injection-locking concept is used in this design, and the PA works as an oscillator whose output voltage is tuned at the input frequency. The proposed PA achieves high power-added efficiency (PAE) and high power gain. An autonomous circuit is also employed for the stability analysis, and the design procedure is summarized for the circuit implementation. By employing this design technique, the proposed injection-locking class-E PA under continuous-wave signal achieves a peak PAE of 59% at an output power of 26.6 dBm from a 6-V dc supply voltage. With a Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) modulation input signal at 3.5 GHz, the measured maximum PAE is 57% at an output power of 26.7 dBm. The measured error vector magnitude is within 2.2% over all of the output power level, and the adjacent channel power ratio is better than - 40 dBc. Under a 64-QAM modulation signal with class-AB operation, the proposed PA achieves a peak PAE of 55% with an output power of 27 dBm.
Sponsorship	IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society
Starting Page	3232
Ending Page	3242
Page Count	11
File Size	2216338
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189480
Volume Number	60
Issue Number	10
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-10-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Oscillators Power generation Switches Resistance Inductance Capacitance Stability analysis stability analysis Class-E power amplifier (PA) GaAs PHEMT monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) RF/microwaves
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering Radiation

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