NDLI: Robust DT-CWT Watermarking for DIBR 3D Images

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Hee-Dong Kim Ji-Won Lee Tae-Woo Oh Heung-Kyu Lee
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	The popularity of 3D content is on the rise since it provides an immersive experience to viewers. In this situation, depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) has taken on an important role in 3D technology due to its low bandwidth cost and ease of depth configuration. Noting that the viewer could record provided center view or synthesized views for illegal distribution, it is clear that copyright protection must be taken into account for the DIBR 3D content, including the possibility that one single view could be illegally distributed as 2D content. In this paper, we propose a robust watermarking scheme for DIBR 3D images by quantization on dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) coefficients with consideration of imperceptibility. To make the proposed scheme robust to DIBR process, two characteristics of DT-CWT are employed: approximate shift invariance and directional selectivity. We select certain coefficient sub-blocks and group the coefficient rows based on the properties of DIBR. On the extraction side, the threshold is carefully chosen with a low false positive rate. The simulation results show that the embedded watermark is stably extracted from the center view and the synthesized left and right views. In addition, even if the synthesized left and right views are distorted by general attacks, the watermark is successfully extracted. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is robust to pre-processing of the depth image and baseline adjusting, which are common processing on the DIBR system for better quality of 3D views.
Sponsorship	IEEE Broadcast Technology Society
Starting Page	533
Ending Page	543
Page Count	11
File Size	2495059
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189316
Volume Number	58
Issue Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-12-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Watermarking Quantization Robustness Discrete wavelet transforms PSNR Three dimensional displays 3D watermarking Depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) stereoscopic watermarking watermarking
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Media Technology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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