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Post-landing major element quantification using SuperCam laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
| Content Provider | Hyper Articles en Ligne (HAL) |
|---|---|
| Author | Anderson, Ryan B. Forni, Olivier Cousin, Agnes Wiens, Roger C. Clegg, Samuel M. Frydenvang, Jens Gabriel, Travis S. J. Ollila, Ann Schröder, Susanne Beyssac, Olivier Gibbons, Erin Vogt, David S. Clavé, Elise Manrique, Jose-Antonio Legett, Carey Pilleri, Paolo Newell, Raymond T. Sarrao, Joseph Maurice, Sylvestre Arana, Gorka Benzerara, Karim Bernardi, Pernelle Bernard, Sylvain Bousquet, Bruno Brown, Adrian J. Alvarez-Llamas, César Chide, Baptiste Cloutis, Edward Comellas, Jade Connell, Stephanie Dehouck, Erwin Delapp, Dorothea M. Essunfeld, Ari Fabre, Cecile Fouchet, Thierry Garcia-Florentino, Cristina García-Gómez, Laura Gasda, Patrick Gasnault, Olivier Hausrath, Elisabeth M. Lanza, Nina L. Laserna, Javier Lasue, Jeremie Lopez, Guillermo Madariaga, Juan Manuel Mandon, Lucia Mangold, Nicolas Meslin, Pierre-Yves Nelson, Anthony E. Newsom, Horton Reyes-Newell, Adriana L. Robinson, Scott Rull, Fernando Sharma, Shiv Simon, Justin I. Sobron, Pablo Fernandez, Imanol Torre Udry, Arya Venhaus, Dawn Mclennan, Scott M. Morris, Richard V. Ehlmann, Bethany |
| Abstract | The SuperCam instrument on the Perseverance Mars 2020 rover uses a pulsed 1064 nm laser to ablate targets at a distance and conduct laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) by analyzing the light from the resulting plasma. SuperCam LIBS spectra are preprocessed to remove ambient light, noise, and the continuum signal present in LIBS observations. Prior to quantification, spectra are masked to remove noisier spectrometer regions and spectra are normalized to minimize signal fluctuations and effects of target distance. In some cases, the spectra are also standardized or binned prior to quantification. To determine quantitative elemental compositions of diverse geologic materials at Jezero crater, Mars, we use a suite of 1198 laboratory spectra of 334 well-characterized reference samples. The samples were selected to span a wide range of compositions and include typical silicate rocks, pure minerals (e.g., silicates, sulfates, carbonates, oxides), more unusual compositions (e.g., Mn ore and sodalite), and replicates of the sintered SuperCam calibration targets (SCCTs) onboard the rover. For each major element (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, FeOT, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O), the database was subdivided into five "folds" with similar distributions of the element of interest. One fold was held out as an independent test set, and the remaining four folds were used to optimize multivariate regression models relating the spectrum to the composition. We considered a variety of models, and selected several for further investigation for each element, based primarily on the root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) on the test set, when analyzed at 3 m. In cases with several models of comparable performance at 3 m, we incorporated the SCCT performance at different distances to choose the preferred model. Shortly after landing on Mars and collecting initial spectra of geologic targets, we selected one model per element. Subsequently, with additional data from geologic targets, some models were revised to ensure results that are more consistent with geochemical constraints. The calibration discussed here is a snapshot of an ongoing effort to deliver the most accurate chemical compositions with SuperCam LIBS. |
| Related Links | https://insu.hal.science/insu-03663667/file/SuperCam_Calibration_Paper_revised.pdf |
| ISSN | 05848547 |
| e-ISSN | 18733565 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.sab.2021.106347 |
| Journal | Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy |
| Volume Number | 188 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | HAL CCSD Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2022-02-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Mars Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy LIBS Regression Chemometrics Multivariate regression Calibration Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Analytical Chemistry Spectroscopy Physics and Astronomy Instrumentation |
