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| Content Provider | frontiers |
|---|---|
| Author | Chintada , Bhaskara Rao Rau , Richard Goksel , Orcun |
| Abstract | Speed-of-sound and attenuation of ultrasound waves vary in the tissues. There exist methods in the literature that allow for spatially reconstructing the distribution of group speed-of-sound (SoS) and frequency-dependent ultrasound attenuation (UA) using reflections from an acoustic mirror positioned at a known distance from the transducer. These methods utilize a conventional ultrasound transducer operating in pulse-echo mode and a calibration protocol with measurements in water. In this study, we introduce a novel method for reconstructing local SoS and UA maps as a function of acoustic frequency through Fourier-domain analysis and by fitting linear and power-law dependency models in closed form. Frequency-dependent SoS and UA together characterize the tissue comprehensively in spectral domain within the utilized transducer bandwidth. In simulations, our proposed methods are shown to yield low reconstruction error: 0.01 dB/cm·MHz^y for attenuation coefficient and 0.05 for the frequency exponent. For tissue-mimicking phantoms and ex-vivo bovine muscle samples, a high reconstruction contrast was achieved. Attenuation exponents in a gelatin-cellulose mixture and an ex-vivo bovine muscle sample were found to be, respectively, 1.3 and 0.6 on average. Linear dispersion of SoS in a gelatin-cellulose mixture and an ex-vivo bovine muscle sample were found to be, respectively, 1.3 and 4.0 m/s·MHz on average. These findings were reproducible when the inclusion and substrate materials were exchanged. Bulk loss modulus in the bovine muscle sample was computed to be approximately 4 times the bulk loss modulus in the gelatin-cellulose mixture. Such frequency-dependent characteristics of SoS and UA, and bulk loss modulus may therefore differentiate tissues as potential diagnostic biomarkers. |
| ISSN | 2296424X |
| DOI | 10.3389/fphy.2022.860725 |
| Volume Number | 10 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Physics |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2022-05-11 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Ultrasound tomography Speed of sound (SOS) Ultrasound attenuation Viscoelasticity Complex bulk modulus |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Physics and Astronomy Biophysics Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Mathematical Physics Materials Science |
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