NDLI: Loop Diuretics Inhibit Ischemia-Induced Intracellular Ca2+ Overload in Neurons via the Inhibition of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ and Na+ Channels

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Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Peripheral Blood Reveals a Novel B-Cell Subset in Renal Allograft Recipients With Accommodation

Machine Learning Techniques for Personalised Medicine Approaches in Immune-Mediated Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Applications and Challenges

Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Antagonist Protects Against Lung Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Mechanism of miR-30b-5p-Loaded PEG-PLGA Nanoparticles for Targeted Treatment of Heart Failure

Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer: From Gut to Bedside

Intermittent Fasting Inhibits High-Fat Diet–Induced Atherosclerosis by Ameliorating Hypercholesterolemia and Reducing Monocyte Chemoattraction

Challenges and Improvements of Novel Therapies for Ischemic Stroke

A Head-To-Head Comparison of Benzbromarone and Allopurinol on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in People With Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia

Evaluating the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Selected Active Compounds in Houttuynia cordata Thunb. in Pulmonary Fibrosis via Network Pharmacology Analysis

Efficacy of Preoperative Music Intervention on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Corrigendum: Variations in the Consumption of Antimicrobial Medicines in the European Region, 2014–2018: Findings and Implications From ESAC-Net and WHO Europe

Latest Progresses in Allergic Diseases Biomarkers: Asthma and Atopic Dermatitis

Convergence of Multiple Stimuli to a Single Gate in TREK1 and TRAAK Potassium Channels

The Mechanism Action of German Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) in the Treatment of Eczema: Based on Dose–Effect Weight Coefficient Network Pharmacology

Metformin Exerts Anti-inflammatory and Mucus Barrier Protective Effects by Enriching Akkermansia muciniphila in Mice With Ulcerative Colitis

Hydroxysafflor Yellow A and Anhydrosafflor Yellow B Protect Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis via the Silent Information Regulator 1 Signaling Pathway

A Cyclic Peptide Epitope of an Under-Explored VEGF-B Loop 1 Demonstrated In Vivo Anti-Angiogenic and Anti-Tumor Activities

Therapeutic Effect of Combining Anisodamine With Neostigmine on Local Scar Formation Following Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in a Novel Rat Model

A Risk Scoring Model for High-Dose Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Based on Gene Polymorphism Study

Betaine Attenuates Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting Osteoclastogenesis and Angiogenesis in Subchondral Bone

Dl-3-N-Butylphthalide Promotes Angiogenesis in an Optimized Model of Transient Ischemic Attack in C57BL/6 Mice

Lysophosphatidic Acid–Induced EGFR Transactivation Promotes Gastric Cancer Cell DNA Replication by Stabilizing Geminin in the S Phase

Sanye Tablet Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Dysregulated Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Edible Bird Nest Protects the Kidney From Gentamicin Induced Acute Tubular Necrosis

Mechanistic Insight into PPARγ and Tregs in Atherosclerotic Immune Inflammation

Targeting Myc Interacting Proteins as a Winding Path in Cancer Therapy

Optimization of Pichia pastoris Expression System for High-Level Production of Margatoxin

Ginsenoside Rb1 Produces Antidepressant-Like Effects in a Chronic Social Defeat Stress Model of Depression Through the BDNF–Trkb Signaling Pathway

Cimifugin Suppresses NF-κB Signaling to Prevent Osteoclastogenesis and Periprosthetic Osteolysis

Palmitoylethanolamide Counteracts Enteric Inflammation and Bowel Motor Dysfunctions in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

The Effects of Tryptamine Psychedelics in the Brain: A meta-Analysis of Functional and Review of Molecular Imaging Studies

Medicinal Plants in Traditional Herbal Wines and Liquors in the East of Spain and the Balearic Islands

Eicosanoid Metabolomic Profile of Remdesivir Treatment in Rat Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Understanding Fatal and Non-Fatal Drug Overdose Risk Factors: Overdose Risk Questionnaire Pilot Study—Validation

Genistein Inhibits the Pathogenesis of Aeromonas hydrophila by Disrupting Quorum Sensing Mediated Biofilm Formation and Aerolysin Production

Biochemical and Proteomic Characterization, and Pharmacological Insights of Indian Red Scorpion Venom Toxins

Effects of Radix Scrophulariae on Hyperthyroidism Assessed by Metabonomics and Network Pharmacology

Sirtuin Modulators in Cellular and Animal Models of Human Diseases

Pharmacy Compounded Medicines for Patients With Rare Diseases: Lessons Learned From Chenodeoxycholic Acid and Cholic Acid

LC–MS Based Metabolomics Study of the Effects of EGCG on A549 Cells

Xueshuantong Improves Functions of Lymphatic Ducts and Modulates Inflammatory Responses in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice

Nox4 Promotes RANKL-Induced Autophagy and Osteoclastogenesis via Activating ROS/PERK/eIF-2α/ATF4 Pathway

An Advanced Automated Patch Clamp Protocol Design to Investigate Drug—Ion Channel Binding Dynamics

Addition of Plasma Myeloperoxidase and Trimethylamine N-Oxide to the GRACE Score Improves Prediction of Near-Term Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Combined Administration of Vitamin D3 and Geniposide Is Less Effective than Single Use of Vitamin D3 or Geniposide in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis

Selective STAT3 Inhibitor Alantolactone Ameliorates Osteoarthritis via Regulating Chondrocyte Autophagy and Cartilage Homeostasis

Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Medical Cost of Dapagliflozin and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors

Fascin-1 is Highly Expressed Specifically in Microglia After Spinal Cord Injury and Regulates Microglial Migration

Screening of a Focused Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway Inhibitor Library Identifies Small Molecules as Novel Modulators of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Toxicity

Upregulation of Thymidylate Synthase Induces Pemetrexed Resistance in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Cost-Effectiveness of Short-Course Radiation Plus Temozolomide for the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Among Elderly Patients in China and the United States

A Proof of Concept of the Role of TDM-Based Clinical Pharmacological Advices in Optimizing Antimicrobial Therapy on Real-Time in Different Paediatric Settings

WTD Attenuating Rheumatoid Arthritis via Suppressing Angiogenesis and Modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α Pathway

Five-Decade Update on Chemopreventive and Other Pharmacological Potential of Kurarinone: a Natural Flavanone

Comparative Study of a Modified Sub-Tenon’s Capsule Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide and the Intravenous Infusion of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Retinitis Pigmentosa Combined With Macular Edema

Water-Soluble Tomato Extract Fruitflow Alters the Phosphoproteomic Profile of Collagen-Stimulated Platelets

Evaluation of a Clinically Relevant Drug–Drug Interaction Between Rosuvastatin and Clopidogrel and the Risk of Hepatotoxicity

The Potential Benefits of Using Garlic Oil and Its Active Constituent, Dially Disulphide, in Combination With Carvedilol in Ameliorating Isoprenaline-Induced Cardiac Damage in Rats

Integrative Therapy Combining Chinese Herbal Medicines With Conventional Treatment Reduces the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study

The Adverse Cardiovascular Effects and Cardiotoxicity of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.): A Comprehensive Review

β2-and β3-Adrenergic Receptors Contribute to Cancer-Evoked Pain in a Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma via Modulation of Neural Macrophages

Effects of Fluoride on Submandibular Glands of Mice: Changes in Oxidative Biochemistry, Proteomic Profile, and Genotoxicity

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Different Doses of Sildenafil in the Treatment of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn: A Network Meta-analysis

Fractions of Shen-Sui-Tong-Zhi Formula Enhance Osteogenesis Via Activation of β-Catenin Signaling in Growth Plate Chondrocytes

Propofol-Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia is Associated with Better Survival than Desflurane Anesthesia in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Targeting the Integrated Stress Response in Cancer Therapy

Editorial: Inflammation and Fibrosis in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver: Mechanisms and Targets

Rivaroxaban Modulates TLR4/Myd88/NF-Kβ Signaling Pathway in a Dose-Dependent Manner With Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in an Experimental Model of Depression

LINC01001 Promotes Progression of Crizotinib-Resistant NSCLC by Modulating IGF2BP2/MYC Axis

Experimental Study of Almonertinib Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Brain Metastasis and Spinal Cord Metastasis Models

A New Strategy to Investigate the Efficacy Markers Underlying the Medicinal Potentials of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.

Jujuboside B Inhibits the Proliferation of Breast Cancer Cell Lines by Inducing Apoptosis and Autophagy

Epigenetic Alterations in Podocytes in Diabetic Nephropathy

Probiotics-Based Treatment as an Integral Approach for Alcohol Use Disorder in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Protective Effects of Lentinan Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mastitis in Mice

Mefunidone Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice

Predicting Blood Concentration of Tacrolimus in Patients With Autoimmune Diseases Using Machine Learning Techniques Based on Real-World Evidence

Higenamine Attenuates Neuropathic Pain by Inhibition of NOX2/ROS/TRP/P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/NF-ĸB Signaling Pathway

Editorial: Metalloenzymes: Potential Drug Targets

Herbal Formula SS-1 Increases Tear Secretion for Sjögren’s Syndrome

Bifidobacterium Strains Present Distinct Effects on the Control of Alveolar Bone Loss in a Periodontitis Experimental Model

Beneficial Effects of Gracillin From Rhizoma Paridis Against Gastric Carcinoma via the Potential TIPE2-Mediated Induction of Endogenous Apoptosis and Inhibition of Migration in BGC823 Cells

Glycyrrhetinic Acid Protects α-Naphthylisothiocyanate- Induced Cholestasis Through Regulating Transporters, Inflammation and Apoptosis

Older Age, Polypharmacy, and Low Systolic Blood Pressure Are Associated With More Hypotension-Related Adverse Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Antihypertensives

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Statin-Loaded Biodegradable Lecithin/Chitosan Nanoparticles: A Step Toward Nose-to-Brain Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

The Chinese Herbal Prescription JieZe-1 Inhibits Membrane Fusion and the Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathway in a Genital Herpes Mouse Model

Combined Therapy With Avastin, a PAF Receptor Antagonist and a Lipid Mediator Inhibited Glioblastoma Tumor Growth

Qiangji Decoction Alleviates Neurodegenerative Changes and Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis Induced by D-Galactose via Regulating AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Inhibitory Effects of Rhaponticin on Osteoclast Formation and Resorption by Targeting RANKL-Induced NFATc1 and ROS Activity

Research Progress About Glioma Stem Cells in the Immune Microenvironment of Glioma

Upper-Critical-Solution-Temperature Polymer Modified Gold Nanorods for Laser Controlled Drug Release and Enhanced Anti-Tumour Therapy

Key Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Advanced Lung Cancer Patients: A Qualitative Study in Belgium and Italy

Exosome-Derived ADAM17 Promotes Liver Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer

Kv1.3 Channel Up-Regulation in Peripheral Blood T Lymphocytes of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Dapagliflozin Mediates Plin5/PPARα Signaling Axis to Attenuate Cardiac Hypertrophy

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Associated Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study

Active Fraction Combination From Liuwei Dihuang Decoction Improves Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Neurogenic Microenvironment in Cranially Irradiated Mice

The Role of Urinary Biomarkers as Diagnostic and Prognostic Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Vancomycin

Total Flavonoids of Litchi Seed Attenuate Prostate Cancer Progression Via Inhibiting AKT/mTOR and NF-kB Signaling Pathways

Carbamazepine Induces Platelet Apoptosis and Thrombocytopenia Through Protein Kinase A

Screening for Susceptibility-Related Biomarkers of Diclofenac-Induced Liver Injury in Rats Using Metabolomics

USP47-Mediated Deubiquitination and Stabilization of TCEA3 Attenuates Pyroptosis and Apoptosis of Colorectal Cancer Cells Induced by Chemotherapeutic Doxorubicin

Molecular Basis of Prostate Cancer and Natural Products as Potential Chemotherapeutic and Chemopreventive Agents

Yeokwisan, a Standardized Herbal Formula, Enhances Gastric Emptying via Modulation of the Ghrelin Pathway in a Loperamide-induced Functional Dyspepsia Mouse Model

The Novel Chinese Medicine JY5 Formula Alleviates Hepatic Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Notch Signaling Pathway

Establishment of a Lung Cancer Discriminative Model Based on an Optimized Support Vector Machine Algorithm and Study of Key Targets of Wogonin in Lung Cancer

CBD Alleviates Liver Injuries in Alcoholics With High-Fat High-Cholesterol Diet Through Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome–Pyroptosis Pathway

Berberine Potentiates Insulin Secretion and Prevents β-cell Dysfunction Through the miR-204/SIRT1 Signaling Pathway

Studies on Activities and Chemical Characterization of Medicinal Plants in Search for New Antimalarials: A Ten Year Review on Ethnopharmacology

Efficacy and Safety of Metformin Use in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized Controlled Study

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Ameliorates NaV1.5 and Kir2.1 Channel Dysregulation in Human AC16 Cardiomyocytes

Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan Decoction Alleviate Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Asthma by Inhibiting Mast Cell Degranulation and Down-Regulating the Differential Expression Proteins

Editorial: From Trial and Error to Individualised Pharmacogenomics-Based Pharmacotherapy in Psychiatry

Tempol Reverses the Negative Effects of Morphine on Arterial Blood-Gas Chemistry and Tissue Oxygen Saturation in Freely-Moving Rats

Dissolving Polymer Microneedles for Transdermal Delivery of Insulin

An Integrative Pharmacology Based Analysis of Refined Liuweiwuling Against Liver Injury: A Novel Component Combination and Hepaprotective Mechanism

Neonatal Feeding Trajectories in Mothers With Bipolar Disorder Taking Lithium: Pharmacokinetic Data

Arterial Hypertension and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

6-Gingerol Alleviates Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Cerebral and White Matter Injury and Contributes to Functional Recovery

AK2 Promotes the Migration and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Activating TGF-β/Smad Pathway In vitro and In vivo

Transcriptome-Based Network Analysis Reveals Hirudin Potentiates Anti-Renal Fibrosis Efficacy in UUO Rats

Real-World Effectiveness of Inhalation Therapy Among Patients With Symptomatic COPD in China: A Multicenter Prospective Study

Quinacrine Has Preferential Anticancer Effects on Mesothelioma Cells With Inactivating NF2 Mutations

Phillygenin Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis via Modulating Inflammation and Gut Microbiota

Toxicity Evaluation of Long-Term Topical Application of Recombinant Human Keratinocyte Growth Factor-2 Eye Drops on Macaca Fascicularis

Ibogaine Blocks Cue- and Drug-Induced Reinstatement of Conditioned Place Preference to Ethanol in Male Mice

Lack of Major Involvement of Common CYP2C Gene Polymorphisms in the Risk of Developing Cross-Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs

Study on the Hepatoprotection of Schisandra chinensis Caulis Polysaccharides in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats Based on Metabolomics

Effects of Bisphenols on RACK1 Expression and Their Immunological Implications in THP-1 Cells

What Factors Hindered the Access to Essential Anticancer Medicine in Public Hospitals for the Local Population in Hubei Province, China

Therapeutic Potential of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Flavopiridol on c-Myc Overexpressing Esophageal Cancer

Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Protective Effects of Yiqi Fumai Lyophilized Injection on Chronic Heart Failure by Improving Myocardial Energy Metabolism

Explore the Usefulness of Concurrent Chemotherapy in Stage II Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study

Comparative Efficacy of Jaungo, A Traditional Herbal Ointment, and the Water-in-Oil Type Non-Steroidal Moisturizer for Radiation-Induced Dermatitis in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Study Protocol for a Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blinded, Pilot Study

An Exploratory Pilot Study of Changes in Global DNA Methylation in Patients Undergoing Major Breast Surgery Under Opioid-Based General Anesthesia

Atractyloside Protect Mice Against Liver Steatosis by Activation of Autophagy via ANT-AMPK-mTORC1 Signaling Pathway

Drug Repurposing Prediction and Validation From Clinical Big Data for the Effective Treatment of Interstitial Lung Disease

Long-Term Effect of Non-Selective Beta-Blockers in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis After Myocardial Infarction—A Nationwide Cohort Study

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Sihocheonggan-Tang Shapes the Immune Responses of Atopic Dermatitis

Assessment of the Perception of People Living With HIV Regarding the Quality of Outpatient Care at a Reference Facility in the Federal District, Brazil

Nanostructured Lipid Carrier–Mediated Transdermal Delivery of Aceclofenac Hydrogel Present an Effective Therapeutic Approach for Inflammatory Diseases

Centipeda minima Extract Attenuates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Acute Colitis in Mice by Inhibiting Macrophage Activation and Monocyte Chemotaxis

Nonlinear Relationship Between Macrocytic Anemia and Decompensated Hepatitis B Virus Associated Cirrhosis: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Evaluation of the Anticancer Properties of Geranyl Isovalerate, an Active Ingredient of Argyreia nervosa Extract in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Real-World Experience of Bevacizumab as First-Line Treatment for Ovarian Cancer: The GINECO ENCOURAGE Cohort of 468 French Patients

Safety and Tolerability of Lacosamide in Patients With Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Neurometabolic Basis of Mood Instability: The Parvalbumin Interneuron Link—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of 11 Commonly Used Treatment Strategies Improving Arrhythmia of CHD in China: A Network Meta-Analysis

Antiradical and Cytoprotective Properties of Allium nutans L. Honey Against CCL4-Induced Liver Damage in Rats

A Qualitative Study on Medication Taking Behaviour Among People With Diabetes in Australia

A Comprehensive Review of Genus Sanguisorba: Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents and Medical Applications

Interaction Between Chinese Medicine and Warfarin: Clinical and Research Update

The Functional Roles of RNAs Cargoes Released by Neutrophil-Derived Exosomes in Dermatomyositis

Therapeutic Drugs and Devices for Tackling Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma, and Need for Neuroprotection and Cytoprotective Therapies

Emerging Applications of Metabolomics to Assess the Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicines for Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Synergistic Activity of Capsaicin and Colistin Against Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: In Vitro/Vivo Efficacy and Mode of Action

Pithecellobium clypearia: Amelioration Effect on Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis in Mice Based on a Tissue Metabonomic Analysis

Multi-Omics Approach to Dissect the Mechanisms of Rexinoid Signaling in Myoblast Differentiation

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Mitochondrial Modulator, TRC150094, in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Randomized Phase-I Clinical Trial

Melatonin Maintains Anabolic-Catabolic Equilibrium and Regulates Circadian Rhythm During Osteoarthritis Development in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Identification of Oleanolic Acid as Allosteric Agonist of Integrin αM by Combination of In Silico Modeling and In Vitro Analysis

Small-Molecule Inhibitors Overcome Epigenetic Reprogramming for Cancer Therapy

Integrated Analysis and Finding Reveal Anti–Liver Cancer Targets and Mechanisms of Pachyman (Poria cocos Polysaccharides)

Akkermansia Muciniphila Potentiates the Antitumor Efficacy of FOLFOX in Colon Cancer

Quantification of CYP3A and Drug Transporters Activity in Healthy Young, Healthy Elderly and Chronic Kidney Disease Elderly Patients by a Microdose Cocktail Approach

Fingolimod and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Drug Repurposing Study

Berberine Alleviates Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Through Modulating Gut Microbiota Mediated Intestinal FXR Activation

Adoption of Pharmacogenomic Testing: A Marketing Perspective

Immunotherapy Summary for Cytokine Storm in COVID-19

Efficacy of Intra-Arterial Plus Intravesical Chemotherapy for High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Pooled Analysis

Lido-OH, a Hydroxyl Derivative of Lidocaine, Produced a Similar Local Anesthesia Profile as Lidocaine With Reduced Systemic Toxicities

Intervention of Gastrodin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Mechanism

Neuropsychological Functioning in Users of Serotonergic Psychedelics – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Andrographolide Sulfonate Is a Promising Treatment to Combat Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Its Biofilms

The Efficacy and Safety of Infliximab in Refractory Noninfectious Uveitis: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Update on Novel Non-Operative Treatment for Osteoarthritis: Current Status and Future Trends

Mitragynine (Kratom)-Induced Cognitive Impairments in Mice Resemble Δ9-THC and Morphine Effects: Reversal by Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonism

Trends of High-Impact Studies in Pharmacology and Pharmacy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Anlotinib Inhibits PFKFB3-Driven Glycolysis in Myofibroblasts to Reverse Pulmonary Fibrosis

Hesperetin Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Chondrocytes via the AMPK Pathway to Attenuate Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection-Induced Osteoarthritis

Plasma Lysophosphatidylcholine and Lysophosphatidylethanolamine Levels Were Associated With the Therapeutic Response to Olanzapine in Female Antipsychotics-naïve First-episode Patients With Schizophrenia

CD3D, GZMK, and KLRB1 Are Potential Markers for Early Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Especially in Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibody-Negative Patients

The Essential Oil of Artemisia argyi H.Lév. and Vaniot Attenuates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in THP-1 Cells

Corrigendum: Moringa oleifera Alkaloids Inhibited PC3 Cells Growth and Migration Through the COX-2 Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

The Role of the Carnitine/Organic Cation Transporter Novel 2 in the Clinical Outcome of Patients With Locally Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma Treated With Oxaliplatin

Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning the Circulation and Cellular Uptake of Mycobacterium ulcerans Toxin Mycolactone

Polypodium vulgare L. (Polypodiaceae) as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: Polyphenolic Profile, Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotective Properties in Different Cell Lines

Notoginsenoside R1 Reverses Abnormal Autophagy in Hippocampal Neurons of Mice With Sleep Deprivation Through Melatonin Receptor 1A

Folate Reverses NF-κB p65/Rela/IL-6 Level Induced by Hyperhomocysteinemia in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Alcohol Abstinence Rescues Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Injury via Improving Metabolic Reprogramming in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Mice

Non-Coding RNA Polymorphisms (rs2910164 and rs1333049) Associated With Prognosis of Lung Cancer Under Platinum-Based Chemotherapy

Effect of Apixaban Pretreatment on Alteplase-Induced Thrombolysis: An In Vitro Study

Zanthoxylum Species: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology in Relation to Cancer, Infectious Diseases and Sickle Cell Anemia

Loop Diuretics Inhibit Ischemia-Induced Intracellular Ca2+ Overload in Neurons via the Inhibition of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ and Na+ Channels

Sacubitril/Valsartan Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis by Inhibiting Th17 Cell Differentiation Independently of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway

Development of a Multi-Target Strategy for the Treatment of Vitiligo via Machine Learning and Network Analysis Methods

Editorial: Molecular Mechanisms of Voltage-Gating in Ion Channels

Role of Intra- and Extracellular Lipid Signals in Cancer Stemness and Potential Therapeutic Strategy

Add-On Effect of Honeysuckle in the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Protective Effects of Caesalpinia sappan Linn. and Its Bioactive Compounds on Cardiovascular Organs

Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids of Cissampelos Sympodialis With in Vitro Antiviral Activity Against Zika Virus

Spontaneous and Naloxone-Precipitated Withdrawal Behaviors From Chronic Opiates are Accompanied by Changes in N-Oleoylglycine and N-Oleoylalanine Levels in the Brain and Ameliorated by Treatment With These Mediators

Erythropoietin Non-hematopoietic Tissue Response and Regulation of Metabolism During Diet Induced Obesity

The Impact of Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban on Variation of Platelet Activation Biomarkers and DRT Following Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure

Trimetazidine Attenuates Heart Failure by Improving Myocardial Metabolism via AMPK

Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1) Genetic Variants: In Vitro Functional Characterization and Association With Circulating Concentrations of Endogenous Substrates

Pharmacological Characterization of Toludesvenlafaxine as a Triple Reuptake Inhibitor

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Loop Diuretics Inhibit Ischemia-Induced Intracellular Ca2+ Overload in Neurons via the Inhibition of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ and Na+ Channels

Content Provider	frontiers
Author	Katnik, Christopher Cuevas, Javier
Abstract	One consequence of ischemic stroke is disruption of intracellular ionic homeostasis. Intracellular overload of both Na+ and Ca2+ has been linked to neuronal death in this pathophysiological state. The etiology of ionic imbalances resulting from stroke-induced ischemia and acidosis includes the dysregulation of multiple plasma membrane transport proteins, such as increased activity of sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter-1 (NKCC-1). Experiments using NKCC1 antagonists, bumetanide (BMN) and ethacrynic acid (EA), were carried out to determine if inhibition of this cotransporter affects Na+ and Ca2+ overload observed following in vitro ischemia-acidosis. Fluorometric Ca2+ and Na+ measurements were performed using cultured cortical neurons, and measurements of whole-cell membrane currents were used to determine target(s) of BMN and EA, other than the electroneutral NKCC-1. Both BMN and EA depressed ischemia-acidosis induced [Ca2+]i overload without appreciably reducing [Na+]i increases. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels were inhibited by both BMN and EA with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 4 M and 36 M respectively. Similarly, voltage-gated Na+ channels were blocked by BMN and EA with IC50 values of 13 M and 30 M, respectively. However, neither BMN nor EA affected currents mediated by acid-sensing ion channels or ionotropic glutamatergic receptors, both of which are known to produce [Ca2+]i overload following ischemia. Data suggest that loop diuretics effectively inhibit voltage-gated Ca2+ and Na+ channels at clinically relevant concentrations, and block of these channels by these compounds likely contributes to their clinical effects. Importantly, inhibition of these channels, and not NKCC1, by loop diuretics reduces [Ca2+]i overload in neurons during ischemia-acidosis, and thus BMN and EA could potentially be used therapeutically to lessen injury following ischemic stroke.
ISSN	16639812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2021.732922
Volume Number	12
Journal	Frontiers in Pharmacology
Language	English
Publisher Date	2021-09-15
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Calcium Ischemia Voltage-gated channels Neurons Bumetanide Sodium Acidosis Ethacrynic Acid
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pharmacology Pharmacology (medical)

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