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| Content Provider | frontiers |
|---|---|
| Author | Tedla, Binyam Dang, Qing-Lai Inoue, Sahari |
| Description | The distribution of tree species is expected to shift toward the pole in response to the climate change associated with the elevation of atmospheric CO2 concentration [CO2]. The shift will expose trees to a new photoperiod regime and other environmental conditions. The changes in these factors will likely have interactive effects on the ecophysiological traits of plants. This study investigated how CO2 elevation and change in photoperiod influence the timing of bud development, leaf senescence, and cold hardiness in the fall, and bud break in the spring in boreal white birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.). Seedlings were exposed to two different [CO2] (AC = 400 μmol mol–1; EC = 1000 μmol mol–1) and four simulated photoperiod regimes in the greenhouse corresponding to each latitude [48 (seed origin), 52, 55, and 58°N] for two growing seasons. We found that EC advanced the initiation of leaf color change (10% leaf color change) in the fall by 23 days, but delayed the completion date of color change (90%). Leaf senescence started earlier in the photoperiods corresponding to 55 and 58°N latitude than those at 48 and 52°N latitudes under EC, but photoperiod did not affect leaf senescence under AC. Additionally, the temperature causing 50% electrolyte leakage (a measure of susceptibility to freezing damage) was more negative under the photoperiod corresponding to 55° (−46°C) and at 58°N (−60°C) under EC than at the lower latitudes (above −40°C). Budburst in the spring occurred earli... |
| Abstract | Climate change is expected to shift tree species distribution further polewards in the future. These shifts will expose trees to new photoperiod regimes and higher atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]). These factors will likely have interactive effects on the ecophysiological traits of plants, particularly in the boreal region where the climate change will be the most prominent. This study investigated how CO2 elevation and photoperiod regimes interactively influence the timing of bud development, leaf senescence, cold hardiness, and bud break in white birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.). Seedlings were exposed to ambient ([CO2]) (AC= 400 μmol mol−1) or elevated (EC= 1000 μmol mol−1) and photoperiod regimes (at 48 (seed origin), 52, 55, and 58º N latitude) under controlled environment for two growing seasons. We found that EC advanced the initiation of leaf color change in the fall by 23 days, but delayed the completion date. Leaf senescence started earlier at photoperiods of 55 and 58° N latitude than at those of 48 and 52o N latitudes under EC, but no differences occurred under AC. Additionally, the temperature causing 50% electrolyte leakage (a measure of susceptibility to freezing damage) was more negative at two longest photoperiods under EC (-46 ºC at 55º, -60 ºC at 58º N) than other conditions (>-40 ºC). Budburst occurred earlier at the two longest photoperiods under EC, but the trend was opposite under AC. Our study highlights the complex interaction between photoperiod and CO2 conditions to alter autumnal and spring phenology of birch that is required to ensure successful seedling recruitment in new habitats and thus should be considered in predicting the future distribution and productivity of boreal trees. |
| ISSN | 1664462X |
| DOI | 10.3389/fpls.2020.00506 |
| Volume Number | 11 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2020-04-28 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Spring phenology Autumn phenology Cold hardening Tree ecophysiology Physiological plasticity Boreal forest tree migration climate change cold hardiness tree phenology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Plant Science |
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