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| Content Provider | frontiers |
|---|---|
| Author | To, Kimberly Cao, Ruoqiong Yegiazaryan, Aram Owens, James Nguyen, Timothy Sasaninia, Kayvan Vaughn, Charles Singh, Mohkam Truong, Edward Medina, Albert Avitia, Edith Villegas, Jose Pham, Christal Sathananthan, Airani Venketaraman, Vishwanath |
| Abstract | The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as a neglected, important, and re-emerging risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), especially in low and middle-income countries where TB is endemic. In this clinical trial study, oral liposomal glutathione supplementation (L-GSH) or placebo was given to individuals with T2DM to investigate the therapeutic effects of L-GSH supplementation. We report that L-GSH supplementation for 3 months in people with T2DM was able to reduce the levels of oxidative stress in all blood components and prevent depletion of glutathione (GSH) in this population known to be GSH deficient. Additionally, L-GSH supplementation significantly reduced the burden of intracellular mycobacteria within in vitro granulomas generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of T2DM subjects. L-GSH supplementation also increased the levels of Th1-associated cytokines, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 and decreased levels of IL-6 and IL-10. In conclusion our studies indicate that oral L-GSH supplementation in individuals with T2DM for three months was able to maintain the levels of GSH, reduce oxidative stress, and diminish mycobacterial burden within in vitro generated granulomas of diabetics. L-GSH supplementation for 3 months in diabetics was also able to modulate the levels of various cytokines. |
| ISSN | 22352988 |
| DOI | 10.3389/fcimb.2021.657775 |
| Volume Number | 11 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2021-06-03 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Type 2 dabetes Oxidative Stress Host directed therapy Mycobacteria Cytokine - immunological terms Immune responses |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Infectious Diseases Immunology Microbiology Microbiology (medical) |
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