SARS-CoV-2 elicits non-sterilizing immunity and evades vaccine-induced immunity: implications for future vaccination strategies.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Beukenhorst, Anna L. Koch, Clarissa M. Hadjichrysanthou, Christoforos Alter, Galit de Wolf, Frank Anderson, Roy M. Goudsmit, Jaap
Abstract	Neither vaccination nor natural infection result in long-lasting protection against SARS-COV-2 infection and transmission, but both reduce the risk of severe COVID-19. To generate insights into optimal vaccination strategies for prevention of severe COVID-19 in the population, we extended a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) mathematical model to compare the impact of vaccines that are highly protective against severe COVID-19 but not against infection and transmission, with those that block SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our analysis shows that vaccination strategies focusing on the prevention of severe COVID-19 are more effective than those focusing on creating of herd immunity. Key uncertainties that would affect the choice of vaccination strategies are: (1) the duration of protection against severe disease, (2) the protection against severe disease from variants that escape vaccine-induced immunity, (3) the incidence of long-COVID and level of protection provided by the vaccine, and (4) the rate of serious adverse events following vaccination, stratified by demographic variables.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC9898703&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	03932990
Journal	European Journal of Epidemiology [Eur J Epidemiol]
Volume Number	38
DOI	10.1007/s10654-023-00965-x
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9898703
Issue Number	3
PubMed reference number	36738380
e-ISSN	15737284
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2023-02-04
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. © The Author(s) 2023
Subject Keyword	Respiratory infections SARS-CoV-2 pandemic COVID-19 Influenza Vaccines Vaccine effectiveness Infection Coronavirus Immunology Control measures Herd immunity Population modelling
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Epidemiology