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Spatio-Temporal Evolutionary Patterns of the Pieridae Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) Inferred from Mitogenomic Data.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Wei, Fanyu Huang, Wenxiang Fang, Lin He, Bo Zhao, Youjie Zhang, Yingming Shu, Zufei Su, Chengyong Hao, Jiasheng |
| Editor | Handler, Alfred M. |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Abstract | Pieridae is one of the largest and almost cosmopolitan groups of butterflies, which plays an important role in natural ecosystems; however, to date, its phylogeny and evolutionary history have not been fully resolved. In this study, we obtained the complete or nearly complete mitochondrial genomes of 100 pierid taxa (six newly sequenced, sixty extracted from the whole-genome data, and thirty-four directly available from GenBank). At the same time, for the first time, we conducted comparative mitogenomic and phylogenetic analyses based on these mitogenomic data, to further clarify their spatio-temporal evolutionary patterns. Comparative mitogenomic analysis showed that, except for cox2, the GC content of each of the 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) in the rapidly diverging subfamily Pierinae was higher than in its sister group Coliadinae. Moreover, the dN/dS values of nine genes (atp6, atp8, cox1, cox3, cob, nad1, nad3, nad5, and nad6) in Pierinae were also relatively higher than those in its sister group, Coliadinae. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the resultant phylogenetic trees were generally in agreement with those of previous studies. The Pierinae family contained six clades in total with the relationship of (Leptosiaini + (((Nepheroniini + Arthocharidini) + Teracolini) + (Pierini + Elodini))). The Pieridae originated in the Palearctic region approximately 72.3 million years ago in the late Cretaceous, and the subfamily Pierinae diverged from this family around 57.9 million years ago in the Oriental region, shortly after the K–Pg mass extinction event; in addition, the spatio-temporal evolutionary patterns of Pierinae were closely correlated with geological events and environmental changes, as well as the host plant coevolutionary scenario in Earth’s history. However, some incongruencies were observed between our results and those of previous studies in terms of shallow phylogenies for a few taxa, and should be further investigated. |
| Journal | Genes (Basel) |
| Volume Number | 14 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC9858963 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| PubMed reference number | 36672814 |
| e-ISSN | 20734425 |
| DOI | 10.3390/genes14010072 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-12-26 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2022 by the authors. |
| Subject Keyword | Pieridae butterflies mitochondrial genome phylogeny divergence times historical biogeography |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Genetics Genetics (clinical) |
