NDLI: Tomato Xylem Sap Hydrophobins Vdh4 and Vdh5 Are Important for Late Stages of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Plant Infection.

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Tomato Xylem Sap Hydrophobins Vdh4 and Vdh5 Are Important for Late Stages of Verticillium dahliae Plant Infection.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Maurus, Isabel Leonard, Miriam Nagel, Alexandra Starke, Jessica Kronstad, James W. Harting, Rebekka Braus, Gerhard H.
Editor	Shan, Weixing
Copyright Year	2022
Abstract	Verticillium dahliae causes economic losses to a wide range of crops as a vascular fungal pathogen. This filamentous ascomycete spends long periods of its life cycle in the plant xylem, a unique environment that requires adaptive processes. Specifically, fungal proteins produced in the xylem sap of the plant host may play important roles in colonizing the plant vasculature and in inducing disease symptoms. RNA sequencing revealed over 1500 fungal transcripts that are significantly more abundant in cells grown in tomato xylem sap compared with pectin-rich medium. Of the 85 genes that are strongly induced in the xylem sap, four genes encode the hydrophobins Vdh1, Vdh2, Vdh4 and Vdh5. Vdh4 and Vhd5 are structurally distinct from each other and from the three other hydrophobins (Vdh1-3) annotated in V. dahliae JR2. Their functions in the life cycle and virulence of V. dahliae were explored using genetics, cell biology and plant infection experiments. Our data revealed that Vdh4 and Vdh5 are dispensable for V. dahliae development and stress response, while both contribute to full disease development in tomato plants by acting at later colonization stages. We conclude that Vdh4 and Vdh5 are functionally specialized fungal hydrophobins that support pathogenicity against plants.
Volume Number	8
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9783231
Issue Number	12
PubMed reference number	36547586
Journal	Journal of Fungi [J Fungi (Basel)]
e-ISSN	2309608X
DOI	10.3390/jof8121252
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2022-11-27
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2022 by the authors.
Subject Keyword	hydrophobin RNA sequencing Verticillium dahliae virulence
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Microbiology (medical) Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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