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Vaccine-Related Autoimmune Hepatitis: Emerging Association with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination or Coincidence?
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Trontzas, Ioannis P. Kyriakoulis, Konstantinos G. Vathiotis, Ioannis A. Syrigos, Alexandros Kounadis, Georgios Siasiakou, Sofia Poulakou, Garyphalia |
| Editor | Pokorska-Śpiewak, Maria Marczyńska, Magdalena |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Abstract | Background: There is an increasing number of liver injury cases resembling autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination; however, an association has not yet been established. Methods/Materials: A literature review was performed to identify articles regarding the association of AIH with vaccination, emphasizing on SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and the proposed mechanisms. We then performed a literature search for AIH-like cases following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and we evaluated the included cases for AIH diagnosis using simplified diagnostic criteria (SDC), and for vaccination causality using the Naranjo score for adverse drug reactions. Results: We identified 51 AIH-like cases following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Forty cases (80%) were characterized as “probable”, “at least probable”, or “definite” for AIH diagnosis according to SDC. Forty cases (78.4%) were characterized as “probable”, four (7.8%) as “possible”, and three (5.8%) as “definite” for vaccine-related AIH according to the Naranjo score. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related AIH carries several phenotypes and, although most cases resolve, immunosuppressive therapy seems to be necessary. Early diagnosis is mandatory and should be considered in any patient with acute or chronic hepatitis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, especially in those with pre-existing liver disease. |
| Journal | Vaccines (Basel) |
| Volume Number | 10 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC9783100 |
| Issue Number | 12 |
| PubMed reference number | 36560483 |
| e-ISSN | 2076393X |
| DOI | 10.3390/vaccines10122073 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-12-04 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2022 by the authors. |
| Subject Keyword | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 vaccine vaccination hepatitis autoimmune hepatitis AIH autoimmune liver injury immune-mediated liver injury review |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Drug Discovery Immunology Pharmacology Pharmacology (medical) Infectious Diseases |
