Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: evolving diagnostic perspectives.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Cipriani, Alberto Mattesi, Giulia Bariani, Riccardo Cecere, Annagrazia Martini, Nicolò De Michieli, Laura Da Pozzo, Stefano Corradin, Simone De Conti, Giorgio Zorzi, Alessandro Motta, Raffaella De Lazzari, Manuel Bauce, Barbara Iliceto, Sabino Basso, Cristina Corrado, Domenico Perazzolo Marra, Martina
Abstract	Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a genetically determined heart muscle disease characterized by fibro-fatty myocardial replacement, clinically associated with malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Originally described a disease with a prevalent right ventricular (RV) involvement, subsequently two other phenotypes have been recognized, such as the left dominant and the biventricular phenotypes, for which a recent International Expert consensus document provided upgrade diagnostic criteria (the 2020 “Padua Criteria”). In this novel workup for the diagnosis of the entire spectrum of phenotypic variants of ACM, including left ventricular (LV) variants, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as the cardiac imaging technique of choice, due to its capability of detailed morpho-functional and tissue characterization evaluation of both RV and LV. In this review, the key role of CMR in the diagnosis of ACM is outlined, including the supplemental value for the characterization of the disease variants. An ACM-specific CMR study protocol, as well as strengths and weaknesses of each imaging technique, is also provided.Key Points• Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy includes three different phenotypes: dominant right, biventricular, and dominant left. • In 2020, diagnostic criteria have been updated and cardiac magnetic resonance has emerged as the cardiac imaging technique of choice. • This aim of this review is to provide an update of the current state of art regarding the use of CMR in ACM, with a particular focus on novel diagnostic criteria, CMR protocols, and prognostic significance of CMR findings in ACM.
ISSN	09387994
Journal	European Radiology
Volume Number	33
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9755099
Issue Number	1
PubMed reference number	35788758
e-ISSN	14321084
DOI	10.1007/s00330-022-08958-2
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2022-07-05
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. © The Author(s) 2022
Subject Keyword	Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Magnetic resonance imaging Sudden death
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging