Dietary Intakes and Eating Behavior between Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity Phenotypes in Asian Children and Adolescents.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Ooi, Delicia Shu Qin Toh, Jia Ying Ng, Lucas Yan Bin Peng, Zikang Yang, Supeng Rashid, Nurul Syafiqah Binte Said Abdul Sng, Andrew Anjian Chan, Yiong Huak Chong, Mary Foong-Fong Lee, Yung Seng
Copyright Year	2022
Abstract	Diet plays a critical role in the development of obesity and obesity-related morbidities. Our study aimed to evaluate the dietary food groups, nutrient intakes and eating behaviors of metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes in an Asian cohort of children and adolescents. Participants (n = 52) were asked to record their diet using a 3-day food diary and intakes were analyzed using a nutrient software. Eating behavior was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) were defined based on criteria of metabolic syndrome. Children/adolescents with MUO consumed fewer whole grains (median: 0.00 (interquartile range: 0.00–0.00 g) vs. 18.5 g (0.00–69.8 g)) and less polyunsaturated fat (6.26% kcal (5.17–7.45% kcal) vs. 6.92% kcal (5.85–9.02% kcal)), and had lower cognitive dietary restraint (15.0 (13.0–17.0) vs. 16.0 (14.0–19.0)) compared to children/adolescents with MHO. Deep fried food, fast food and processed convenience food were positively associated with both systolic (β: 2.84, 95%CI: 0.95–6.62) and diastolic blood pressure (β: 4.83, 95%CI: 0.61–9.04). Higher polyunsaturated fat intake (OR: 0.529, 95%CI: 0.284–0.986) and cognitive dietary restraint (OR: 0.681, 95%CI: 0.472–0.984) were associated with a lower risk of the MUO phenotype. A healthier diet composition and positive eating behavior may contribute to favorable metabolic outcomes in children and adolescents with obesity.
Journal	Nutrients
Volume Number	14
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9697734
Issue Number	22
PubMed reference number	36432482
e-ISSN	20726643
DOI	10.3390/nu14224796
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2022-11-12
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2022 by the authors.
Subject Keyword	dietary intakes eating behavior metabolically healthy obesity children with obesity adolescents with obesity
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Food Science Nutrition and Dietetics